Functional Imaging of the Human FEF

人类 FEF 的功能成像

• 批准号: 7587271
• 负责人: CLAYTON E CURTIS
• 金额: $ 33.01万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-05 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7587271
• 关键词: AIDS Dementia Complex; Accounting; Alzheimer' s Disease; Animal Model; Animals; Area; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Models; Brain; Brain region; Cognition; Cognitive; Coupled; Data; Diagnostic; Disease; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Homologous Gene; Human; Image; Intention; Lead; Location; Maintenance; Measures; Memory; Mental disorders; Methods; Mind; Modeling; Monkeys; Motivation; Motor; Neurons; Parkinson Disease; Pattern; Performance; Physiology; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Public Health; Research Personnel; Rest; Saccades; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Short-Term Memory; Substance abuse problem; System; Testing; Therapeutic procedure; Translating; Visual attention; Work; design; frontal eye fields; improved; indexing; neuromechanism; oculomotor; prognostic; relating to nervous system; research study; theories; visual motor

The prefrontal cortex (RFC) is critical for adaptive higher-order cognitive behaviors that are compromised by a wide variety of mental health disorders including schizophrenia, (ADHD), substance abuse disorders, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease, and AIDS-related dementia. A better understanding of basic neural mechanisms will lead to improved diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic procedures. Although the RFCis critical for the planning, maintenance, selection, and execution of willed behavior, we know very little about the mechanisms by which it accomplishes these goals. Barriers to our progress in this regard include 1) a poor understanding of how the crucial animal work on RFC functions translates to the human species we are trying to understand, and 2) a lack of understanding of how the RFC influences ongoing behavior through its functional interactions with other brain areas. Here we propose a divide-and-conquer strategy for better understanding the functions of the RFC. In AIM 1, we will localize a key portion of the RFC, the human homolog of the monkey frontal eye field (FEF) and treat it as a model system for detailed study of RFC functions. We strategically chose the FEF as our model because 1) unlike other RFC areas, we have methods for localizing it in humans, 2) data from monkey FEF, as compared to other RFC areas, offer testable predictions about the functional homologies between the species, and most importantly 3) the FEF is implicated in many of the same high-level cognitive behaviors that the RFC in general is implicated. We will study the mechanisms that the human FEF uses for planning, attention, memory, and selection. Working within a better-defined and constrained system like the oculomotor system may quickly lead to mechanistic accounts of these functions that may be less tenable in a more complicated and less understood system like the RFC as a whole. Although the RFC is thought to influence ongoing behavior through its functional interactions with other brain areas, there is a dearth of evidence to support this theory. In AIM 2, we will use fMRI to measure functional interactions between the RFC and other brain areas that together may form networks supporting the critical behaviors. Together, the two AIMS embrace both functional specialization at the local level and distributed processing at the network level and will allow us to test critical hypotheses about how the RFC supports intention, attention, and working memory.

前额叶皮层（RFC）对于受到损害的自适应高阶认知行为至关重要 各种各样的精神健康疾病，包括精神分裂症（ADHD），药物滥用障碍， 阿尔茨海默氏病和帕金森氏病，以及与艾滋病有关的痴呆症。更好地理解基本神经 机制将改善诊断，预后和治疗程序。虽然是rfcis 对于意志行为的计划，维护，选择和执行至关重要，我们对 它实现这些目标的机制。在这方面我们进步的障碍包括1） 对关键动物在RFC功能上的工作方式的了解不足，我们是人类种类 尝试理解，以及2）缺乏对RFC如何通过其影响持续行为的理解 与其他大脑区域的功能相互作用。在这里，我们提出了一个分裂和纠纷策略以获得更好的 了解RFC的功能。在AIM 1中，我们将定位RFC的关键部分，即人类 猴子额眼场（FEF）的同源物，并将其视为用于详细研究RFC的模型系统 功能。我们从战略上选择了FEF作为我们的模型，因为1）与其他RFC不同，我们有 与其他RFC区域相比，在人类中定位它的方法2） 关于物种之间功能同源物的可测试预测，最重要的是3）FEF 与RFC一般的许多相同的高级认知行为有关。我们 将研究人类FEF用于计划，注意力，记忆和选择的机制。在职的 在更明确和约束的系统中，例如眼动系统，可能会迅速导致机械 对这些功能的说明，这些功能可能在更复杂且不太了解的系统中不那么持续 RFC整体。尽管RFC被认为通过其功能影响持续的行为 与其他大脑区域的相互作用，缺乏支持这一理论的证据。在AIM 2中，我们将使用 fMRI测量RFC与其他大脑区域之间的功能相互作用可能形成 支持关键行为的网络。这两个目标共同包含两个功能专业化 网络级别的本地级别和分布式处理，将使我们能够检验关键假设 关于RFC如何支持意图，注意力和工作记忆。