A Proposal for Senior NRSA Training in Cognitive Neuroscience

NRSA 认知神经科学高级培训提案

• 批准号: 7277517
• 负责人: Judith F. Kroll
• 金额: $ 5.89万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7277517
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Adult; Award; Behavioral; Childhood; Cognitive; Cognitive Science; Collaborations; Comprehension; Condition; Decision Making; Development; Discipline; Educational process of instructing; Event-Related Potentials; Feedback; Fellowship; Fostering; Goals; Home environment; Individual; Institution; International; Investigation; Joints; Knowledge; Language; Language Development; Learning; Left; Life; Linguistics; Literature; Location; Logic; Maps; Measures; Mediation; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Movement; Multilingualism; National Research Service Awards; Neurosciences; Numbers; Performance; Physiological; Population; Process; Production; Psycholinguistics; Psychologist; Psychology; Range; Reading; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resolution; Scheme; Science; Series; Site; Societies; Staging; Students; Time; Training; Universities; Visit; Work; base; behavior measurement; bilingualism; cognitive neuroscience; experience; language processing; neuroimaging; programs; relating to nervous system; research study

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The PI is a cognitive psychologist whose work examines the processes that support the acquisition and proficient use of a second language by learners and bilinguals. The goal of the present proposal for a senior NRSA fellowship is to gain additional training in cognitive neuroscience. The new training will allow the PI to extend her research program, which has relied on behavioral measures of language processing, to electrophysiological measures using event-related potentials (ERPs). Recent studies investigating adult L2 performance have shown that even among the most proficient bilinguals, there is parallel activity of both languages when only one language is required. The aim of the planned research is to acquire training in electro-physiological methods that will allow the PI to examine the behavioral and neural specific consequences of cross-language activation for comprehension and production in both the L1 and L2. A specific aim is to identify conditions that give rise to cross-language competition, to map the time course of activation of each of the bilingual's language, and to begin to consider the factors that may reduce competition to allow bilinguals to effectively choose the language the intended language. Two series of experiments using both behavioral and ERP methods are planned for the training period. One addresses the issue of cross-language activation in sentence context. The other seeks to extend the PI's past research on language production. A distributed training model is proposed to accomplish these goals, with extended visits to the primary sponsor, Dr. Phillip Holcomb, a leading ERP researcher at Tufts University, and to the co-sponsors, over a two year period that will allow the PI to integrate the new training into her research program at the home institution. The proposed research will contribute important foundational knowledge about multilingualism that will inform educational issues in an increasingly diverse society in which many individuals are faced with the task of learning to speak a second language past the earliest stages of childhood. The planned training will also contribute to the infrastructure of science. The language science of bilingualism attracts a more diverse group of students than is typical in cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience. The proposed training will enable the PI to extend the reach of her current research program in a way that will potentially impact a broad range of students. The planned research and training will also foster international scientific collaboration.

描述（由申请人提供）：PI是一名认知心理学家，其工作研究了支持获得和熟练使用第二语言的过程的过程。 NRSA高级奖学金的本提案的目的是获得认知神经科学的额外培训。新的培训将使PI可以扩展其研究计划，该计划依靠语言处理的行为度量，使用与事件相关电位（ERP）进行电生理测量。最近调查成人L2表现的研究表明，即使在最熟练的双语者中，只有只需要一种语言时，两种语言都有平行的活动。计划研究的目的是获得电生理方法的培训，以使PI可以检查L1和L2中跨语言激活的行为和神经特定后果。一个具体的目的是确定引起跨语言竞争的条件，绘制每种双语语言的激活时间过程，并开始考虑可能减少竞争的因素，以使双语者有效地选择预期的语言。计划在培训期间使用两种使用行为和ERP方法的实验。一个人解决了句子上下文中跨语言激活的问题。另一个试图扩展PI过去关于语言生产的研究。提出了一个分布式培训模型来实现这些目标，并扩大了对塔夫茨大学（Tufts University）的ERP研究人员菲利普·霍尔科姆（Phillip Holcomb）博士以及共同发起人的领先访问，这将使PI可以将新的培训整合到家庭机构的研究计划中。拟议的研究将为多种语言提供重要的基础知识，这将在越来越多样化的社会中为教育问题提供依据，在这个社会中，许多人面临着学习在童年最早阶段说出第二语言的任务。计划的培训还将为科学的基础设施做出贡献。与认知心理学和认知神经科学相比，双语的语言科学吸引了更多的学生。拟议的培训将使PI能够以可能影响广泛的学生的方式扩展其当前研究计划的覆盖范围。计划的研究和培训还将促进国际科学合作。