Project 4: Bridging Superfund Sites Based Based Bioavailable Extract( Anderson)

项目 4：基于生物可利用提取物的桥接超级基金站点（Anderson）

• 批准号: 9066650
• 负责人: Kim A. Anderson
• 金额: $ 30.91万
• 依托单位: OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-27 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9066650
• 关键词: Address; African; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Bioavailable; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Availability; Biological Effect of Chemicals; Biological Models; Chemicals; Country; Data; Devices; Effectiveness; Embryo; Environment; Face; Fishes; Goals; Health; Human; Instruction; Measures; Membrane; Methods; Mexico; Minority; Modeling; Monitor; Oils; Organism; Parents; Pesticides; Process; Public Health; Radiation; Research Personnel; Resolution; Risk; Sampling; Signal Recognition Particle; Site; Superfund; System; Technology; Testing; Tissues; Toxic effect; United Nations; Viola; Water; Work; Zebrafish; analytical tool; base; bioaccumulation; new technology; oxidation; programs; remediation; response; stressor; success; superfund site; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY (See instructions): The organizations that remediate Superfund sites face the challenge of how to measure success; i.e., how to assess the changes in the bioavailability of contaminants.They need quantitative tools that can characterize contaminants and predict their risk to local organisms and humans. Non-chemical factors such as ultra-violet radiation can transform the parent compounds into unmonitored chemicals that can change the toxicity of waters and sediments. To address this issue, we have developed passive sampling devices (PSDs) that can sequester thousands of bioavailable chemicals. These devices can help regulatory agencies to evaluate new remediation technologies that may either produce or release previously unmonitored chemicals. Our PSDs are now sequestering chemicals at multiple Superfund sites, where they capture relevant organic compounds, including hydrophilic and semi-polar contaminants. We propose to test these hypotheses: PSDs sequester realistic and relevant mixtures from Superfund sites. PSDs can help researchers to characterize exposure accurately. PSDs can simplify toxicity assessments. PSDs can evaluate the effectiveness of remediation, considering not only the target contaminants but also any perturbations of the system that the remediation technologies may have induced. PSDs can serve as biological surrogates in public health assessments of Superfund sites. We propose to develop a set of widely applicable bio-analytical tools. We will integrate these tools with bioassays to characterize Superfund sediments. We assume that a small minority of the chemicals at Superfund sites are responsible for the majority of the toxicity. We will apply stressors to PSD extracts and characterize the chemical and biological effects. We will deliver methods and tools to assess the impact of non-chemical/chemical stressors that act on Superfund mixtures during natural transformation processes and remediation. We will develop PSD-bioaccumulation models that can predict chemical load in aquatic tissues with useful accuracy on the basis of measured PSD extracts. The ability to predict aquatic tissues from PSD extracts will enable Superfund managers and public health officials to collect data with better temporal and spatial resolution.

项目摘要（参见说明）：修复超级基金场地的组织面临着如何衡量成功的挑战；即如何评估污染物生物利用度的变化。他们需要能够表征污染物并预测其对当地生物和人类的风险的定量工具。紫外线辐射等非化学因素可以将母体化合物转化为不受监控的化学物质，从而改变水和沉积物的毒性。为了解决这个问题，我们开发了被动采样装置 (PSD)，可以隔离数千种生物可利用的化学物质。这些设备可以帮助监管机构评估新的修复技术，这些技术可能会产生或释放以前未监控的化学物质。我们的 PSD 现在在多个超级基金地点隔离化学品，在那里它们捕获相关的有机化合物，包括亲水性和半极性污染物。我们建议测试这些假设：PSD 从超级基金网站中隔离现实且相关的混合物。 PSD 可以帮助研究人员准确描述暴露特征。 PSD 可以简化毒性评估。 PSD 可以评估修复的有效性，不仅考虑目标污染物，还考虑修复技术可能引起的系统扰动。 PSD 可以作为超级基金场所公共卫生评估的生物替代品。我们建议开发一套广泛适用的生物分析工具。我们将把这些工具与生物测定结合起来，以表征超级基金沉积物。我们假设超级基金地点的一小部分化学品造成了大部分毒性。我们将对 PSD 提取物施加压力并表征其化学和生物效应。我们将提供方法和工具来评估在自然转化过程和修复过程中作用于超级基金混合物的非化学/化学压力源的影响。我们将开发 PSD 生物累积模型，该模型可以根据测量的 PSD 提取物以有用的精度预测水生组织中的化学负荷。从 PSD 提取物中预测水生组织的能力将使超级基金管理者和公共卫生官员能够以更好的时间和空间分辨率收集数据。