Bitter Taste: Physiology and Behavior

苦味：生理和行为

• 批准号: 6682196
• 负责人: John D Boughter
• 金额: $ 7.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCI CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-01-15 至 2004-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6682196
• 关键词: behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; biological models; biological signal transduction; cell population study; chemoreceptors; cues; electrophysiology; epithelium; genetic strain; laboratory mouse; oral behavior; palate; psychophysiology; stimulus /response; taste; taste buds; tongue; voltage /patch clamp

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Considerable variation exists among inbred strains of mice in their behavior toward bitter-tasting compounds. These differences have been demonstrated almost exclusively using long-term (24- or 48-hour) intake tests. Such natural variation in behavior has fostered physiological, biochemical, and molecular research aimed at elucidating taste transduction events and the identity of genes underlying the mechanisms of bitter taste. Two inbred strains exist that differ substantially in their intake of bitter stimuli: SWR/J (SW: bitter sensitive) and C3HeB/FeJ (C3: bitter insensitive). An understanding of how these strains differ physiologically could provide information useful for developing models of bitter taste function. However, very little is known about the responsiveness of taste receptor cells of these strains to bitter stimuli. Further, it is not certain that the long- term intake tests used to contrast these strains provide uncontaminated indicators of gustatory function. The approach taken in this application is to combine refined behavioral procedures with electrophysiological studies of taste receptor cells to elucidate the physiological bases of these behavioral differences. Behavioral measures from mice from both strains will be acquired using a short-term test designed to minimize non-taste (e.g., post-ingestive) factors. Precise concentration-response functions acquired in this way will provide a clear indication of the behavioral differences among bitter stimuli for these strains, based on taste cues. In electrophysiological experiments, taste receptor cells from the tongue and palate of these mice will be investigated using whole-cell-recording methods in an intact epithelial preparation. Cells will be tested with an array of bitter stimuli to test the hypothesis that the behavioral differences between strains are due to: 1) a greater number of cells responding to bitter stimuli in the bitter-sensitive SW strain; or 2) an altered concentration-response function for bitter stimuli in the bitter-insensitive C3 strain. By examining these strain differences in receptor cell function, these studies should help to link ongoing molecular advances to the neural mechanisms underlying bitter taste function.

描述（由申请人提供）：近交的差异很大 小鼠菌株的行为对苦味化合物。这些 差异几乎完全使用长期（24或24或 48小时的进气测试。这种行为的自然变化已经促进 旨在阐明味道的生理，生化和分子研究 转导事件和基因的身份 苦味。存在两个近交菌株，其摄入量很大 苦刺：SWR/J（SW：苦涩敏感）和C3HEB/FEJ（C3：苦涩 不敏感）。了解这些菌株在生理上如何差异的理解可以 提供有关开发苦味功能模型有用的信息。 但是，对味觉受体细胞的反应性知之甚少 这些因苦刺激的菌株。此外，不确定长期 用来对比的术语进气测试这些菌株提供了未受污染的 阵阵功能的指标。此应用程序采用的方法是 将精致的行为程序与味道的电生理研究结合在一起 受体细胞以阐明这些行为的生理基础 差异。将获得来自两种菌株的小鼠的行为度量 使用旨在最大程度减少非味道的短期测试（例如，后期化） 因素。以这种方式获得的精确浓度响应函数将 清楚地表明了苦刺激的行为差异 对于这些菌株，根据口味提示。在电生理实验中， 这些小鼠的舌头和口感中的味觉受体细胞将是 使用完整上皮的全细胞录制方法进行了研究 准备。细胞将通过一系列苦刺激测试，以测试 假设菌株之间的行为差​​异是由于：1）a 对苦敏感的SW中响应苦刺激的细胞数量更多 拉紧;或2）苦刺激的浓度响应函数改变 苦敏感的C3菌株。通过检查这些应变差异 受体细胞功能，这些研究应有助于连接持续的分子 苦味功能的基础神经机制的进步。