Bitter Taste: Physiology and Behavior

苦味：生理和行为

• 批准号: 6448562
• 负责人: John D Boughter
• 金额: $ 2.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-01-15 至 2002-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6448562
• 关键词: behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; biological models; biological signal transduction; cell population study; chemoreceptors; cues; electrophysiology; epithelium; genetic strain; laboratory mouse; oral behavior; palate; psychophysiology; stimulus /response; taste; taste buds; tongue; voltage /patch clamp

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Considerable variation exists among inbred strains of mice in their behavior toward bitter-tasting compounds. These differences have been demonstrated almost exclusively using long-term (24- or 48-hour) intake tests. Such natural variation in behavior has fostered physiological, biochemical, and molecular research aimed at elucidating taste transduction events and the identity of genes underlying the mechanisms of bitter taste. Two inbred strains exist that differ substantially in their intake of bitter stimuli: SWR/J (SW: bitter sensitive) and C3HeB/FeJ (C3: bitter insensitive). An understanding of how these strains differ physiologically could provide information useful for developing models of bitter taste function. However, very little is known about the responsiveness of taste receptor cells of these strains to bitter stimuli. Further, it is not certain that the long- term intake tests used to contrast these strains provide uncontaminated indicators of gustatory function. The approach taken in this application is to combine refined behavioral procedures with electrophysiological studies of taste receptor cells to elucidate the physiological bases of these behavioral differences. Behavioral measures from mice from both strains will be acquired using a short-term test designed to minimize non-taste (e.g., post-ingestive) factors. Precise concentration-response functions acquired in this way will provide a clear indication of the behavioral differences among bitter stimuli for these strains, based on taste cues. In electrophysiological experiments, taste receptor cells from the tongue and palate of these mice will be investigated using whole-cell-recording methods in an intact epithelial preparation. Cells will be tested with an array of bitter stimuli to test the hypothesis that the behavioral differences between strains are due to: 1) a greater number of cells responding to bitter stimuli in the bitter-sensitive SW strain; or 2) an altered concentration-response function for bitter stimuli in the bitter-insensitive C3 strain. By examining these strain differences in receptor cell function, these studies should help to link ongoing molecular advances to the neural mechanisms underlying bitter taste function.

描述（由申请人提供）：近交系之间存在相当大的变异 小鼠品系对苦味化合物的行为。这些 差异几乎完全通过长期（24-或 48 小时）摄入测试。这种行为的自然变化促进了 旨在阐明味觉的生理、生化和分子研究 转导事件和机制背后的基因的身份 味道苦涩。存在两种摄入量显着不同的近交菌株 苦味刺激：SWR/J（SW：苦味敏感）和 C3HeB/FeJ（C3：苦味 不敏感）。了解这些菌株在生理上有何不同可以 提供对开发苦味功能模型有用的信息。 然而，人们对味觉感受器细胞的反应性知之甚少 这些菌株对苦味刺激。此外，尚不确定长期 用于对比这些菌株的术语摄入测试提供了未受污染的 味觉功能指标。本申请中采用的方法是 将精细的行为程序与味觉的电生理学研究相结合 受体细胞来阐明这些行为的生理基础 差异。将获得两种品系小鼠的行为测量 使用旨在最大程度地减少无味（例如摄入后）的短期测试 因素。以这种方式获得的精确的浓度反应函数将 清楚地表明苦味刺激之间的行为差​​异 对于这些菌株，根据味觉线索。在电生理实验中， 来自这些小鼠舌头和上颚的味觉感受器细胞将 使用完整上皮细胞的全细胞记录方法进行研究 准备。细胞将接受一系列苦味刺激来测试 假设菌株之间的行为差​​异是由于：1）a 对苦味敏感的SW中有更多的细胞对苦味刺激做出反应 拉紧;或 2) 苦味刺激的浓度反应函数发生改变 对苦味不敏感的 C3 菌株。通过检查这些应变差异 受体细胞功能，这些研究应该有助于将正在进行的分子 苦味功能背后的神经机制的进展。