Psychosocial stress, cardio-respiratory fitness, and the medial temporal hippocampal system in Black emerging adults

黑人新生成年人的心理社会压力、心肺健康和内侧颞海马系统

• 批准号: 10522292
• 负责人: Karin Schon
• 金额: $ 87.2万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-05 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10522292
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; African American; Amygdaloid structure; Animal Model; Anterior; Anxiety; Biological Markers; Biometry; Black American; Black race; Brain; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cardiovascular system; Chronic; Chronic stress; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology); Data; Discrimination; Down-Regulation; Episodic memory; Equation; Exercise; Exercise Physiology; Exposure to; Gender; Goals; Health Personnel; Health Policy; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Immune; Knowledge; Life; Life Stress; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Measures; Medial; Memory; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Neurobiology; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neurosecretory Systems; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Physiological; Process; Psyche structure; Psychosocial Stress; Public Health; Research; Resolution; Role; Sampling; Serum; Social Policies; Source; Stereotyping; Stress; Structural Racism; Structure; System; Taxes; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Treadmill Tests; Universities; Work; aged; allostatic load; base; biobehavior; biological systems; brain health; cardiorespiratory fitness; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive testing; college; dentate gyrus; design; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; experience; health disparity; health inequalities; lens; neurobiological mechanism; physiologic model; predictive modeling; programs; racial discrimination; racial disparity; racial health disparity; racism; recruit; resilience; response; role model; secondary outcome; sex; social stress; therapy design; university student; young adult

SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The goal of this proposed research is to examine how cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and chronic psychosocial stress modulate the medial temporal hippocampal (MTH) system in Black emerging adults aged 18 to 25 years who are exposed to daily psychosocial stress, examined through the lens of racism-rated chronic stress. Emerging adulthood is a life period of identity exploration that is experienced by the majority of emerging adults as stressful. Black emerging adults have the added burden of racism-related chronic stress. Chronic stress and CRF are well-known, opposite modulators of the MTH system, but the neurobiological basis of this modulation in humans is unknown. Theoretical and animal models point to a shared neurobiological basis for exercise- and stress-induced modulation of the MTH system: up- vs. downregulation, respectively, of plasticity mecha- nisms in the hippocampus. These models highlight expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and an important role for adult-born, immature neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) subfield of the hippocampus in a computational process known as pattern separation (PS). PS is critical for memory formation and implicated in anxiety and depression. Whether allostatic load, the physiological ‘wear and tear’ response to chronic stress across multiple biological systems is associated with MTH system function is unclear, but critical to under- standing the role of the MTH system in mental and brain health. In contrast, greater CRF is associated with better mental health and MTH system function and structure in young adults. Despite this knowledge it is un- known how putative markers of MTH plasticity (e.g., serum BDNF, CRF) and allostatic load interact to modu- late the MTH system in emerging adults. Here, we propose to examine MTH system plasticity by combining CRF and serum BDNF measurement with measures of racism burden and with DG-CA3 circuit assessments using high-resolution functional and structural MRI, and performance on mnemonic discrimination tasks de- signed to tax PS. Our central hypothesis is that racism burden will negatively correlate with MTH system func- tion and positively with allostatic load, whereas CRF will positively correlate with MTH system function and se- rum BDNF and negatively with allostatic load in Black emerging adults. We will examine this hypothesis with three Specific Aims. Aim 1 will examine impact of CRF on the MTH system, serum BDNF, and allostatic load, and Aim 2 will examine the impact of racism burden, assessed using measures ranging from perceived racial discrimination to cultural and structural racism, on the MTH system and allostatic load. Aim 3 is exploratory and will examine the impact of cumulative racism burden and CRF on the MTH system mechanistically via allo- static load, serum BDNF and mental health using a structural equation modeling approach. A positive outcome of this research will provide evidence for an interplay between allostatic load and neuroplasticity mechanisms as opposing mechanisms affecting the MTH system and will fill an important knowledge gap about racism bur- den as a negative modulator of brain health and MTH plasticity in Black emerging adults.

摘要/摘要 这项拟议的研究的目的是检查心肺健康（CRF）和慢性心理社会的如何 压力调节了18至25岁的黑人新兴成年人中的临时海马（MTH）系统 通过种族主义评估的慢性压力的镜头检查的日常社会心理压力。 新兴的成年是大多数新兴成年人经历的身份探索的生活时期 压力很大。黑人新兴的成年人增加了与种族主义相关的慢性压力的燃烧。慢性压力和 CRF是MTH系统的众所周知的相反调节剂，但是该调节的神经生物学基础 在人类中是未知的。理论和动物模型指出了运动的共同神经生物学基础 - 以及应力诱导的MTH系统的调制：分别对可塑性机械性机械的上调和下调 海马中的nism。这些模型突出了脑衍生的神经营养因子（BDNF）和 在A中，在海马的齿状回（DG）子场中成人出生的未成熟神经元的重要作用 计算过程称为模式分离（PS）。 PS对于记忆形成至关重要，并在 焦虑和沮丧。同种异体负荷，物理“磨损”对慢性压力的反应 跨多个生物系统与MTH系统功能相关，但对于不足至关重要 坚持MTH系统在心理和大脑健康中的作用。相反，更大的CRF与 年轻人的心理健康和MTH系统功能和结构更好。尽管有这些知识，但 已知MTH可塑性（例如血清BDNF，CRF）和Allostatic载荷与模型相互作用的推定标记如何 新兴成年人的MTH系统晚期。在这里，我们建议通过组合检查MTH系统可塑性 CRF和血清BDNF测量与种族主义伯恩和DG-CA3电路评估的测量 使用高分辨率的功能和结构MRI，以及助记符歧视任务的性能 签署税收PS。我们的核心假设是种族主义伯恩将与MTH系统构成负相关 - 与同性载荷相阳 朗姆酒bdnf和黑色新兴成年人的同种异体负荷。我们将通过 三个具体目标。 AIM 1将检查CRF对MTH系统的影响，血清BDNF和Allostatic负载， AIM 2将检查种族主义伯恩的影响，伯恩（Burnen）的影响，使用从感知种族的措施进行评估 对文化和结构种族主义，MTH系统和同性恋负载的歧视。 AIM 3是探索性的， 将通过同章来检查累积种族主义伯恩和CRF对MTH系统的影响 使用结构方程建模方法静态负载，血清BDNF和心理健康。积极的结果 这项研究将提供证据证明同性载荷和神经塑性机制之间的相互作用 与影响MTH系统的相反机制，并将填补有关种族主义bur-的重要知识差距 DEN是黑人新兴成年人的脑健康和MTH可塑性的负面调节剂。