Neural bases of alcohol-related decision-making

酒精相关决策的神经基础

基本信息

批准号：
8880517
负责人：
Brandon Oberlin
金额：
$ 12.24万
依托单位：
INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-07-01 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8880517
关键词：
Abstinence Addictive Behavior Advisory Committees Affect Alcohol abuse Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker Alcoholism Alcohols Area Attenuated Beer Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Mechanisms Brain Brain region Cerebrum Choice Behavior Clinical Treatment Cognitive Conditioned Stimulus Corpus striatum structure Crime Decision Making Disease Distant Drug Addiction Drug Delivery Systems Education Environmental Risk Factor Event Extramural Activities Family Family history of Flavoring Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Future Genetic Risk Goals Grant Heart Human Imagery Impulsivity Indiana Individual Intervention Intoxication Knowledge Lateral Lead Life Measures Mentors Methods Modeling National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Parietal Pattern Pharmaceutical Preparations Physiological Proxy Recording of previous events Relapse Relative (related person)Research Research Personnel Rewards Risk Risk Factors Role Scientist Services Stimulus Time Training Universities Ventral Striatum Withdrawal Work addiction alcohol behavior alcohol research alcohol use disorder analog base behavior measurement behavioral economics career career development cost discount discounting disorder risk drinking drinking behavior endophenotype high risk high risk drinking improved lost work time medical complication medical schools neuroeconomics neuromechanism non-alcoholic non-drug paired stimuli preference problem drinker public health relevance relating to nervous system

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol use disorders (AUD) cost billions of dollars in lost work time, crime, and medical complications, in addition to incalculable human misery. At the heart of all addiction disorders is a tendency to prefer the immediate reward of intoxication over all other future rewards, such as family, career development, and dignity. While research in this area has focused on impulsive choices for immediate smaller money rewards, versus larger delayed money rewards, the actual choice pattern that is made in AUD is immediate intoxication versus other larger delayed rewards. Understanding the cerebral vulnerabilities that may lead individuals to impulsive drinking instead requires assessing the brain mechanisms involved in the relative value of immediately present alcohol versus other rewards that are remote in time. By understanding the brain areas involved, their function in at-risk subjects, and how such brain activity can be manipulated using behavioral methods, we can better target addiction treatment. Aim 1 will demonstrate that measuring alcohol versus money choice is a better predictor of alcohol problems than the more standard "money versus money" choice. Aim 2 will utilize functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to determine how risk factors alter brain activity related to immediate alcohol choice. Aim 3 will determine how regional brain activity is biased by external stimuli (relapse triggers) during alcohol-related decision making. Aim 4 will determine how regional brain activity is biased by non-drug events that have the potential to bias choice away from intoxication. Aim 4, in particular, will inform clinical treatment of addictions by showing the mechanisms by which future orientation can alter addictive behavior. By utilizing a more precise model of AUD choice, the findings will bring the field of alcohol research closer to uncovering the brain mechanisms of this devastating disorder. In the course of performing these studies, the Primary Investigator, Dr. Brandon Oberlin, will receive extensive training and guidance from his mentor, Dr. David Kareken, and his advisory committee. Augmented by advanced coursework and supplemental education at the Indiana University School of Medicine, this grant mechanism will support and prepare him for his career as an independent scientist in the field of addiction research.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精使用障碍（AUD）造成了数十亿美元的损失，包括工作时间损失、犯罪和医疗并发症，此外还给人类带来了无法估量的痛苦。所有成瘾障碍的核心都是倾向于立即获得回报。尽管该领域的研究主要集中于立即较小的金钱奖励与较大的延迟金钱奖励的冲动选择，但澳元的实际选择模式是。即时醉酒与其他较大的延迟奖励相比，了解可能导致个体冲动饮酒的大脑脆弱性需要评估涉及立即存在的酒精与其他时间较远的奖励的相对价值的大脑机制。目标 1 将证明，与更标准的“金钱与金钱选择”相比，测量酒精与金钱选择可以更好地预测酒精问题。钱”的选择。目标2将利用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）来确定风险因素如何改变与即时酒精选择相关的大脑活动，目标 3 将确定在与酒精相关的决策过程中外部刺激（复发触发因素）如何影响区域大脑活动。确定区域大脑活动如何受到非药物事件的影响，目标 4 将通过展示未来方向改变成瘾行为的机制，为成瘾的临床治疗提供信息。一个更多AUD 选择的精确模型，这些发现将使酒精研究领域更接近于揭示这种破坏性疾病的大脑机制。在进行这些研究的过程中，首席研究员 Brandon Oberlin 博士将接受广泛的培训和指导。他的导师 David Kareken 博士及其顾问委员会在印第安纳大学医学院的高级课程和补充教育的帮助下，将为他作为成瘾研究领域的独立科学家的职业生涯提供支持和准备。