Ameliorating Social Isolation in Populations Facing Health Disparities: Identifying Social Structural and Person-level Factors that Impede or Facilitate Health-related Social Behavior Change

改善面临健康差异的人群的社会孤立：识别阻碍或促进与健康相关的社会行为改变的社会结构和个人因素

• 批准号: 10650644
• 负责人: BARBARA LEE FREDRICKSON
• 金额: $ 65.97万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-09 至 2027-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10650644
• 关键词: African American; Age; Alcohol consumption; Anxiety; Basic Science; Behavioral; Black race; COVID-19; Caring; Cellular Phone; Communication; Data; Data Analyses; Discrimination; Economics; Emotional; Emotions; Ethnic Origin; Face; Feeling; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Hispanic; Home; Human; Imagery; Inequality; Intervention; Knowledge; Latino; Life; Link; Loneliness; Measures; Mediator; Mental Health; Modeling; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Placebo Control; Population; Populations at Risk; Process; Protocols documentation; Race; Randomized, Controlled Trials; Reaction Time; Recommendation; Reporting; Reproducibility; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Safety; Sampling; Science; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social Psychology; Social Values; Social isolation; Socioeconomic Status; Statistical Models; Surveys; Symptoms; Testing; Text; Time; Visual; Work; age group; behavior change; burden of illness; cohort; depressive symptoms; design; digital delivery; disparity reduction; evidence base; experimental study; health communication; health disparity; health disparity populations; improved; indexing; innovation; intrinsic motivation; knowledge base; multidisciplinary; novel; peer; physical conditioning; positive emotional state; programs; social; social media; social structure; socioeconomics; stem; theories; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Social isolation and its subjective counterpart loneliness—well established as risk factors for poor physical and mental health—have been rising at alarming rates in the US, especially among young adults. Mechanistic understanding of how best to build social connectedness to ameliorate social isolation is sorely needed to redirect life trajectories toward health and well-being. In creating this foundational knowledge, populations who face higher disease burden—Black/African American young adults, Latino/Hispanic young adults, and those with less socioeconomic privilege—merit special focus because persons in these at-risk populations often face unique challenges in initiating social interactions, including discrimination and economic inequality. The broad, overarching objective of this work is to conduct basic experimental research on social connectedness to test whether, how, where, and for whom health communication messages can motivate in-person interactions to reduce young adults’ social isolation and loneliness. Our multi-disciplinary team brings together expertise in social psychology, emotion science, communication science, and health disparities and will carry out a 6-week randomized controlled trial—the Keep Social RCT—using our innovative and ecologically valid simulated social media platform and a suite of rigorous repeated measures of social behavior, loneliness, and other health- relevant outcomes. This program of research is designed to meet three specific aims. SPECIFIC AIM 1 is to optimize health messages about the value of social connectedness for young adults (ages 18-29) from populations who face higher disease burden and then conduct the Keep Social RCT to build a rich empirical platform. This aim will be met using a human-centered process to design health communication messages that include peer imagery and stories for an online experiment with 500 at-risk young adults. Messages that receive highest ratings for encouraging in-person interactions in this online experiment will be selected for the Keep Social RCT, which is placebo controlled with behavioral, survey, and implicit assessments repeated over six weeks. SPECIFIC AIM 2 is to analyze theory-driven mechanisms through which health communication messages in the Keep Social RCT may reduce young adults’ social isolation and loneliness to identify intervention targets. This aim will be met with longitudinal statistical modeling to test whether and how the experimental health communication messages improve social connectedness. SPECIFIC AIM 3 is to extend data analyses of the Keep Social RCT to identify social structural and person-level moderators of reduced social isolation and loneliness to identify where and for whom effects are largest. This aim will be met with advanced statistical modeling to illuminate the conditions under which our health communication messages most effectively ameliorate social isolation and loneliness in young adults who face higher burden of disease. Taken together, this research will provide a framework to identify intervention targets to guide subsequent translational work undertaken to reduce disparities in health that have been growing larger across the US.

项目摘要/摘要 社会隔离及其主观对应的孤独感 - 被确立为身体不良和的风险因素 心理健康 - 在美国，尤其是在年轻人中，人们一直以惊人的速度上升。机理 需要迫切需要理解如何最好地建立与改善社会隔离的社会联系 将生活轨迹重定向到健康和福祉。在创造这种基本知识时，人口 面临较高疾病的伯恩（Burnen） - 黑人/非裔美国人年轻人，拉丁裔/西班牙裔年轻人， 具有较少的社会经济特权 - 特别重点，因为这些处于危险人群中的人经常面对 引发社会互动的独特挑战，包括歧视和经济不平等。广泛， 这项工作的总体目标是进行有关社会联系的基本实验研究以进行测试 健康沟通信息是否，如何，何处以及为谁都能激励面对面的互动 减少年轻人的社会隔离和孤独。我们的多学科团队汇集了专业知识 社会心理学，情感科学，传播科学和健康分布，将进行6周 随机对照试验（保持社会RCT）使用我们的创新和生态有效的模拟社会 媒体平台和一系列严格的社会行为，孤独和其他健康状况的措施 相关结果。该研究计划旨在满足三个特定目标。具体目标1是 优化有关年轻人社会联系价值的健康信息（18-29岁） 面临较高疾病的人群，然后进行保持社会RCT以建立丰富的经验 平台。将使用以人为本的过程来设计健康通信信息，以实现此目标 包括同行图像和故事，以与500名高风险的年轻人进行在线实验。接收的消息 在此在线实验中鼓励面对面互动的最高评级将被选为Keep 社交RCT，由六次重复的行为，调查和隐性评估控制的安慰剂控制 几周。具体目标2是分析以理论驱动的机制 保留社交RCT中的信息可能会减少年轻人的社会隔离和孤独感来识别 干预目标。该目标将通过纵向统计建模来测试是否以及如何测试 实验性健康沟通信息可以改善社会联系。特定目标3是扩展 保持社会RCT的数据分析，以识别减少的社会结构和人级主持人 社会隔离和孤独，以确定影响最大的何处和最大影响。这个目标将会遇到 高级统计建模以阐明我们的健康沟通信息的条件 最有效地改善面临疾病燃烧更高的年轻人的社会隔离和孤独感。 综上所述，这项研究将提供一个框架来确定干预目标以指导后续 转化工作是为了减少整个美国越来越大的健康分布。