Effects of an Early Childhood Intervention on Childhood Obesity

儿童早期干预对儿童肥胖的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10198909
负责人：
ASHLESHA DATAR
金额：
$ 73.41万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2024-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10198909
关键词：
10 year old 4 year old Academic achievement Academic skills Address Adolescent Adolescent obesity Adult Affect African American Age Cardiovascular Diseases Caucasians Chicago Child Childhood Complex Control Groups Data Development Diet Early Intervention Eating Education Educational process of instructing Emotional Ethnic Origin Etiology Family Habits Health Hispanic Americans Hispanics Home Home environment Household Incentives Intervention Learning Life Link Literature Mathematics Measures Mediator of activation protein Modeling Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Nursery Schools Nutrition Labeling Nutritional Obesity Outcome Parents Policies Process Public Policy Race Randomized Research Research Personnel Risk Risk Factors Role Socioeconomic Status Surveys Time United States Work World Health Organization adequate sleep adult obesity base caucasian American cognitive skill control trial early childhood executive function experimental study health disparity health knowledge health literacy high risk improved low socioeconomic status minority children obesity in children obesity risk parental involvement programs protective factors randomized trial skills time use treatment center treatment comparison treatment group tv watching

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Obesity is a major health challenge of the 21st century, putting nearly one-third of adults and one-fifth of children and adolescents in the United States at risk for a range of health problems, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Childhood obesity is now associated with a higher likelihood of obesity in adulthood, suggesting a vital role for early interventions. Research has identified a number of early life factors that affect childhood obesity; however, little is known about whether early childhood programs (i.e., preschool) affects childhood obesity. To address this critical evidence gap, this project builds upon an existing early childhood study — in which nearly 1,500 3-4 year-old children were randomly assigned to early childhood programs or to a control group — and measures the causal impact of preschool and parent programs on children’s diet, activity and obesity. Returning to the children who are now 6-10 years of age, we will compare early childhood program groups and control groups using data we will collect on diet, activity and obesity for up to 4 years. Our project will evaluate three new mediators underlying the effects of the programs, specifically children’s cognitive skills, their executive functions and related skills and parental involvement. Our study also examines whether there are differential effects by race, comparing the impact of the programs on Hispanic, African-American and Caucasian children. Understanding the causal impact of early childhood education on obesity is crucial for the development of public policies aimed at improving the health of the nation, particularly the widely debated policy on the public provision of preschool. Given the rise in childhood obesity and the disparities in health outcomes in the U.S., it is imperative to learn about whether such early childhood programs also have an impact on obesity.

项目概要/摘要肥胖是 21 世纪的一项重大健康挑战，近三分之一的成年人和五分之一的人患有肥胖症。美国的儿童和青少年面临一系列健康问题的风险，包括 2 型糖尿病儿童肥胖现在与肥胖的可能性较高有关。研究发现了许多早期生活因素。影响儿童肥胖的因素；然而，对于早期儿童计划（即学前教育）是否有影响，人们知之甚少。为了解决这一关键的证据差距，该项目建立在现有的早期肥胖的基础上。儿童研究——近 1,500 名 3-4 岁儿童被随机分配到幼儿期计划或对照组——并衡量学前班和家长计划对回到现在6-10岁的孩子，我们来比较一下。幼儿项目组和对照组使用我们收集的有关饮食、活动和肥胖的数据最多我们的项目将评估三个新的中介因素，特别是这些项目的影响。我们的研究还包括儿童的认知技能、执行功能和相关技能以及父母的参与。检查不同种族是否存在不同的影响，比较这些计划对西班牙裔的影响，了解幼儿教育对非裔美国人和白人儿童的因果影响。肥胖对于制定旨在改善国民健康的公共政策至关重要，特别是鉴于儿童肥胖率的上升和儿童肥胖率的上升，关于公共提供学前教育的政策受到广泛争议。鉴于美国健康结果的差异，有必要了解这种幼儿期是否存在计划对肥胖也有影响。