Social Cognitive Theory and Nondaily Smoking, Escalation and Desistance

社会认知理论与非日常吸烟、升级和戒烟

• 批准号: 8670384
• 负责人: Neal Doran
• 金额: $ 37.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8670384
• 关键词: Adult; Advertising; American; Anhedonia; Behavior; Behavioral; Car Phone; Characteristics; Cigarette; Cognitive; Consumption; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Dependence; Development; Electronics; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Risk Factor; Expectancy; Exposure to; Frequencies; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Impulsivity; Individual; Industry; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Light; Longitudinal Studies; Maintenance; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Nicotine; Outcome; Pattern; Personality; Physical Dependence; Platelet Factor 4; Play; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Probability; Psychological reinforcement; Public Health; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Social Environment; Staging; Stress; Stressful Event; Subgroup; System; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco Use Cessation; Withdrawal; base; contextual factors; design; effective intervention; mortality; non-smoker; non-smoking; programs; public health relevance; smoking restriction; social cognitive theory; therapy design; therapy development; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of the program of research of which this proposal is part is the development of tobacco cessation programs targeted at light smokers at greatest risk for progressing to daily smoking. Recent evidence suggests the prevalence of light and intermittent smoking (LITS) has increased dramatically. LITS increases morbidity and mortality, and many intermittent smokers progress to riskier daily smoking. Little is known about factors that are associated with LITS, or that confers risk for transition to daily smoking, or promotes transition to non-smoking. With LITS, smoking behavior may be based on reinforcement rather than alleviation of withdrawal. Most cessation programs are based on a physical dependence model, and may therefore be less effective for non-daily smokers. LITS, as well as use of other nicotine and tobacco products, is most common in younger populations. This proposal is conceptually based in Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), which posits that behavioral decisions are determined by cognitive factors such as self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and behavioral intentions; these are influenced by the social environment. We hypothesize that changes in smoking patterns will be associated with these constructs and how they change over time. The purpose of the proposed research is to: (1) longitudinally examine LITS stability versus transitions to daily and non-smoking; (2) to test whether the SCT model predicts the probability of smoking stage transitions, (3) to evaluate whether SCT effects are moderated by personality and environmental factors, and (4) to test the hypothesis that use of other nicotine and tobacco products potentiates the risk of progression from LITS to daily smoking. Our goal is to analyze which variables play a role in longitudinal smoking outcomes and to assess mechanisms that explain these effects. The proposed research will lead to a better understanding of mechanisms by which intermittent smokers become daily and non-smokers, and is consistent with President Obama's emphasis on prevention of negative health outcomes. These data may have important implications for prevention and treatment. By identifying risk and protective factors that promote transition to daily and non-smoking, we hope to lay the groundwork for the development of interventions that explicitly target intermittent smokers and their smoking motives.

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案所属的研究计划的长期目标是针对发展为日常吸烟风险最大的轻度吸烟者制定戒烟计划。最近的证据表明轻度吸烟和间歇性吸烟 (LITS) 的流行率急剧上升。 LITS 会增加发病率和死亡率，许多间歇性吸烟者会发展为每天吸烟的风险更高。小的是 了解与 LITS 相关的因素，或导致向日常吸烟转变的风险，或促进向不吸烟转变的因素。对于 LITS，吸烟行为可能是基于强化而不是缓解戒断。大多数戒烟计划都是基于身体依赖模型，因此对于非日常吸烟者来说可能效果较差。 LITS 以及使用其他尼古丁和烟草产品在年轻人中最常见。该提议在概念上基于社会认知理论（SCT），该理论认为行为决策是由自我效能、结果预期和行为意图等认知因素决定的；这些都是受到社会环境的影响。我们假设吸烟模式的变化将与这些结构以及它们随时间的变化有关。拟议研究的目的是：(1) 纵向检查 LITS 稳定性与向日常吸烟和非吸烟的过渡； (2) 测试 SCT 模型是否预测吸烟阶段转变的概率，(3) 评估 SCT 效果是否受到个性和环境因素的调节，以及 (4) 测试使用其他尼古丁和烟草产品会增强吸烟效果的假设从 LITS 进展为每天吸烟的风险。我们的目标是分析哪些变量在纵向吸烟结果中发挥作用，并评估解释这些影响的机制。拟议的研究将有助于更好地了解间歇性吸烟者变成日常吸烟者和非吸烟者的机制，并且与奥巴马总统强调预防负面健康后果的观点是一致的。这些数据可能对预防和治疗具有重要意义。通过确定促进向日常吸烟和不吸烟过渡的风险和保护因素，我们希望为制定明确针对间歇性吸烟者及其吸烟动机的干预措施奠定基础。