Traffic-related Air Pollution, Social Factors and Adverse Birth Outcomes

与交通相关的空气污染、社会因素和不良出生结果

基本信息

批准号：
9205288
负责人：
Amy Michelle Padula
金额：
$ 24.9万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-04-01 至 2019-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9205288
关键词：
Accounting Acculturation Address Affect Air Air Pollutants Alcohols American Anthropology Asthma Award Birth Birth Certificates Birth Weight California Cardiovascular Diseases Categories Censuses Childhood Cigarette Clinical Congenital Abnormality Crime Data Databases Diabetes Mellitus Disease Economic Factors Education Educational Background Environmental Exposure Environmental Health Environmental Policy Epidemiologist Epidemiology Etiology Event Exposure to Fetal Growth Retardation Funding Future Generations Geographic Information Systems Gestational Age Goals Growth and Development function Health Healthcare Hispanics Human Human Biology Immigrant Income Individual Infant Mortality Intention Joints Language Low Birth Weight Infant Measures Mentors Methods Mission Neighborhoods Neonatal Mortality Outcome Participant Pathway interactions Perinatal Epidemiology Personal Satisfaction Pesticides Physical environment Policies Population Pregnancy Pregnancy Outcome Premature Birth Prevalence Preventive measure Public Assistance Public Health Questionnaires Recommendation Research Research Personnel Research Support Research Training Role Sample Size Small for Gestational Age Infant Social Environment Societies Structural Congenital Anomalies Training Unemployment United States National Institutes of Health Universities Vehicle Emissions Woman career career development contextual factors density deprivation driving force human disease improved indexing insight interest land use member neonatal outcome pollutant preference premature prenatal prevent programs public health research social socioeconomic disadvantage socioeconomic disparity socioeconomics stressor study population tool traffic-related air pollution trafficking

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) The candidate is seeking a Pathway to Independence Award to provide an intensive research, training and career development program as an epidemiologist and developing investigator at the Stanford University. The long-term goal is to become a leading investigator in the field of environmental perinatal epidemiology with the intention of informing clinical decisions and environmental policy to improve pediatric health. To continue her progress towards this goal, the candidate is proposing a study addressing specific hypotheses of the role of social factors, namely neighborhood deprivation and acculturation, in the relationship between traffic-related air pollution and adverse birth outcomes. The exposures of interest include ambient air pollutants and traffic density. The adverse birth outcomes include structural birth defects and outcomes related to birth weight and gestational age. She will use semi-parametric methods estimate population- level effects with a more causal parameters of interest. She will develop and use indices to characterize neighborhood deprivation and acculturation and investigate these factors as potential effect modifiers. With the use of geographic information systems (GIS) tools and publicly available data, the candidate will characterize the social context of the neighborhood of each participant to gain more insight into the interaction of the physical and social environment in determining health outcomes. The data comprising these indices will be shared via an online database for researchers to use for future studies in the San Joaquin Valley of California. This research supports the National Institutes of Health's mission to prevent disease and improve the health and well-being of Americans and the NIEHS's mission to build integrated environmental health research programs to address the cross-cutting problems in human biology and human disease. With the robust research program that the candidate has proposed, she plan for future training and the strong team of mentors and advisors, and she intends to become an independent researcher and prepare herself to compete for R01 funding to: 1) expand the geographic and temporal range; 2) combine with databases that include additional neonatal outcomes; and 3) create a more rich exposure assessment by collecting more data on additional pollutants such as pesticides and air toxics.

描述（由申请人提供）该候选人正在寻求独立之路奖，以在斯坦福大学作为流行病学家和发展研究员提供深入的研究、培训和职业发展计划。长期目标是成为环境围产期流行病学领域的领先研究者，旨在为临床决策和环境政策提供信息，以改善儿科健康。为了继续实现这一目标，候选人提出一项研究，探讨社会因素（即邻里剥夺和文化适应）在交通相关空气污染与不良出生结果之间关系中的作用的具体假设。感兴趣的暴露包括环境空气污染物和交通密度。不良出生结局包括结构性出生缺陷以及与出生体重和胎龄相关的结局。她将使用半参数方法通过更感兴趣的因果参数来估计人口水平的影响。她将开发和使用指数来描述社区剥夺和文化适应，并研究这些因素作为潜在的影响调节因素。通过使用地理信息系统 (GIS) 工具和公开数据，候选人将描述每个参与者所在社区的社会背景，以便更深入地了解物理和社会环境在确定健康结果方面的相互作用。包含这些指数的数据将通过在线数据库共享，供研究人员用于加利福尼亚州圣华金河谷的未来研究。这项研究支持美国国立卫生研究院预防疾病的使命 NIEHS 的使命是建立综合环境健康研究计划，以解决人类生物学和人类疾病中的交叉问题。凭借候选人提出的强大研究计划，她计划未来的培训以及强大的导师和顾问团队，她打算成为一名独立研究员，并为竞争 R01 资金做好准备：1）扩大地理和时间范围范围; 2) 与包含其他新生儿结局的数据库相结合； 3) 通过收集更多有关农药和空气毒物等其他污染物的数据，创建更丰富的暴露评估。