Wildfire Smoke Exposure in Pregnancy and Risk of Structural Birth Defects

怀孕期间野火烟雾暴露与结构性出生缺陷的风险

• 批准号: 10641192
• 负责人: Amy Michelle Padula
• 金额: $ 30.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-17 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10641192
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Air; Air Conditioning; Air Pollution; Area; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Birth; Brain; Burn injury; California; Case/Control Studies; Censuses; Characteristics; Child; Clinical; Collection; Communities; Congenital Abnormality; Data; Data Set; Databases; Defect; Development; Ear; Embryo; Etiology; Event; Exposure to; Eye; Face; Fetus; Fire - disasters; Frequencies; Health; Heart Abnormalities; Housing; Human; Infant; Infant Mortality; Knowledge; Maps; Measurement; Meteorology; Modeling; Monitor; Mothers; Muscle; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Neighborhoods; Neural Tube Defects; Oral cavity; Ozone; Participant; Particulate Matter; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physicians; Population; Population Study; Pregnancy; Prevention; Psychosocial Stress; Recording of previous events; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Estimate; Smoke; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Structural Congenital Anomalies; Structure; System; Teratogens; United States; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Vertebral column; Wildfire; ambient air pollution; bone; climate change; climate zone; critical period; density; early pregnancy; embryo/fetus; experience; factor A; fine particles; hazard; human old age (65+); indexing; participant interview; perinatal health; population based; pregnant; prenatal exposure; public health intervention; reproductive organ; residence; social vulnerability; socioeconomics; study population; therapy design

Project Summary Climate change continues to result in increased exposure to wildfires in California (CA) and around the world with smoke reaching far more populations than in recent years. There is increased concern for the health effects of these fires, especially for pregnant people and their developing embryos/fetuses. Birth defects are the leading cause of infant mortality in the US. In the US, 3-5% of all births, i.e., more than 100,000 babies/year, are born with a major birth defect. Few studies have been conducted to examine the relationship between wildfire smoke and birth defects, and none have included study populations with detailed wildfire smoke exposure metrics. None have included large population-based studies with thorough case ascertainment. We propose to compile a unique group of datasets of fire occurrence, air quality monitoring and modeling, meteorology and housing characteristics of the maternal residence during critical periods of pregnancy for mothers of children with and without birth defects in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) and Birth Defects Study To Evaluate Pregnancy exposureS (BD-STEPS) Study, observational, population-based, case-control studies, between 2000-2018 in California. Cases had at least one of 22 major birth defects of the heart, brain and spine, eye, ear, face and mouth, gut, or muscles and bones. Detailed residential history and covariate data are available from extensive interviews of participants about their pregnancy experience and general health, and medication use during pregnancy. Specifically, we aim to estimate the risk of 22 major structural birth defects in relation to wildfire smoke exposures (fire burned area within 20 and 50km, smoke frequencies, fire-sourced PM2.5 and ozone, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) at the maternal residence in early pregnancy during defect-specific periods of development. Additionally, we will investigate whether the relationship (or lack thereof) between wildfire smoke exposure and birth defects is modified by neighborhood socioeconomic status, psychosocial stress or housing factors. With geocoded residential history, physician determined case ascertainment, extensive covariate collection, housing characteristics and exhaustive air pollution and fire measurement and modeling, our study will have the most precise exposure assessment and case ascertainment to date in a highly exposed region of CA. The findings have the potential to inform targeted clinical and public health interventions designed to reduce exposures to pregnant people.

项目概要 气候变化继续导致加利福尼亚州和周边地区遭受野火的风险增加 世界上烟雾影响的人口比近年来多得多。人们对健康的关注度越来越高 这些火灾的影响，尤其是对孕妇及其正在发育的胚胎/胎儿的影响。出生缺陷是 美国婴儿死亡的主要原因。在美国，占所有出生人数的 3-5%，即超过 100,000 年出生的婴儿患有严重先天缺陷。很少有研究来检验这种关系 野火烟雾与出生缺陷之间的关系，并且没有一项研究包括有详细野火的研究人群 烟雾暴露指标。没有一项研究包括基于大规模人群的彻底案例研究 确定。 我们建议编制一组独特的火灾发生、空气质量监测和建模数据集， 妊娠关键期产妇居住地的气象和住房特征 国家出生缺陷预防研究 (NBDPS) 中患有和不患有出生缺陷的儿童的母亲，以及 评估妊娠暴露的出生缺陷研究 (BD-STEPS) 研究，观察性的，基于人群的， 2000 年至 2018 年在加利福尼亚州进行的病例对照研究。病例至少患有 22 种主要出生缺陷中的一种 心脏、大脑和脊柱、眼睛、耳朵、面部和嘴巴、肠道或肌肉和骨骼。详细的居住历史和 协变量数据可从对参与者怀孕经历的广泛访谈中获得 怀孕期间的一般健康状况和药物使用情况。具体来说，我们的目标是估计 22 个主要风险 与野火烟雾暴露相关的结构性出生缺陷（20 至 50 公里范围内的火灾烧毁区域，烟雾 母亲住所的频率、火源 PM2.5 和臭氧以及多环芳烃） 早孕期间特定缺陷的发育时期。此外，我们将调查是否 野火烟雾暴露与出生缺陷之间的关系（或缺乏关系）被邻居改变 社会经济状况、社会心理压力或住房因素。 通过地理编码的居住史，医生确定病例，广泛的协变量 我们的研究包括收集、住房特征和彻底的空气污染以及火灾测量和建模 将在高度暴露地区进行迄今为止最精确的暴露评估和病例查明 加利福尼亚州。研究结果有可能为有针对性的临床和公共卫生干预措施提供信息，这些干预措施旨在 减少孕妇的暴露。