Wildfire Smoke Exposure in Pregnancy and Risk of Structural Birth Defects

怀孕期间野火烟雾暴露与结构性出生缺陷的风险

• 批准号: 10641192
• 负责人: Amy Michelle Padula
• 金额: $ 30.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-17 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10641192
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Air; Air Conditioning; Air Pollution; Area; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Birth; Brain; Burn injury; California; Case/Control Studies; Censuses; Characteristics; Child; Clinical; Collection; Communities; Congenital Abnormality; Data; Data Set; Databases; Defect; Development; Ear; Embryo; Etiology; Event; Exposure to; Eye; Face; Fetus; Fire - disasters; Frequencies; Health; Heart Abnormalities; Housing; Human; Infant; Infant Mortality; Knowledge; Maps; Measurement; Meteorology; Modeling; Monitor; Mothers; Muscle; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Neighborhoods; Neural Tube Defects; Oral cavity; Ozone; Participant; Particulate Matter; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physicians; Population; Population Study; Pregnancy; Prevention; Psychosocial Stress; Recording of previous events; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Estimate; Smoke; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Structural Congenital Anomalies; Structure; System; Teratogens; United States; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Vertebral column; Wildfire; ambient air pollution; bone; climate change; climate zone; critical period; density; early pregnancy; embryo/fetus; experience; factor A; fine particles; hazard; human old age (65+); indexing; participant interview; perinatal health; population based; pregnant; prenatal exposure; public health intervention; reproductive organ; residence; social vulnerability; socioeconomics; study population; therapy design

Project Summary Climate change continues to result in increased exposure to wildfires in California (CA) and around the world with smoke reaching far more populations than in recent years. There is increased concern for the health effects of these fires, especially for pregnant people and their developing embryos/fetuses. Birth defects are the leading cause of infant mortality in the US. In the US, 3-5% of all births, i.e., more than 100,000 babies/year, are born with a major birth defect. Few studies have been conducted to examine the relationship between wildfire smoke and birth defects, and none have included study populations with detailed wildfire smoke exposure metrics. None have included large population-based studies with thorough case ascertainment. We propose to compile a unique group of datasets of fire occurrence, air quality monitoring and modeling, meteorology and housing characteristics of the maternal residence during critical periods of pregnancy for mothers of children with and without birth defects in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) and Birth Defects Study To Evaluate Pregnancy exposureS (BD-STEPS) Study, observational, population-based, case-control studies, between 2000-2018 in California. Cases had at least one of 22 major birth defects of the heart, brain and spine, eye, ear, face and mouth, gut, or muscles and bones. Detailed residential history and covariate data are available from extensive interviews of participants about their pregnancy experience and general health, and medication use during pregnancy. Specifically, we aim to estimate the risk of 22 major structural birth defects in relation to wildfire smoke exposures (fire burned area within 20 and 50km, smoke frequencies, fire-sourced PM2.5 and ozone, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) at the maternal residence in early pregnancy during defect-specific periods of development. Additionally, we will investigate whether the relationship (or lack thereof) between wildfire smoke exposure and birth defects is modified by neighborhood socioeconomic status, psychosocial stress or housing factors. With geocoded residential history, physician determined case ascertainment, extensive covariate collection, housing characteristics and exhaustive air pollution and fire measurement and modeling, our study will have the most precise exposure assessment and case ascertainment to date in a highly exposed region of CA. The findings have the potential to inform targeted clinical and public health interventions designed to reduce exposures to pregnant people.

项目摘要 气候变化继续导致加利福尼亚州（CA）和周围野火的暴露量增加 烟雾的人口比近年来更多。对健康的关注越来越多 这些火灾的影响，尤其是对于孕妇及其发育中的胚胎/胎儿的影响。出生缺陷是 美国婴儿死亡率的主要原因。在美国，所有出生的3-5％，即超过100,000 婴儿/年，天生患有重大的先天缺陷。很少进行研究来检查这种关系 在野火烟雾和出生缺陷之间，没有一个包括详细野火的研究人群 烟雾指标。没有人包括大型基于人群的研究 确定。 我们建议编译一组独特的火灾数据集，空气质量监测和建模， 孕产妇住所的气象和住房特征在关键期间怀孕期间 国家先天缺陷预防研究（NBDP）和没有先天缺陷的儿童的母亲（NBDPS）和 出生缺陷研究以评估妊娠暴露（BD步骤）研究，观察性，基于人群， 病例对照研究，在2000年至2018年在加利福尼亚州。病例至少有22个主要的先天缺陷中的一个 心脏，大脑和脊柱，眼睛，耳朵，脸和嘴，肠道或肌肉和骨骼。详细的住宅历史和 从参与者对他们的怀孕经历和 一般健康和怀孕期间使用药物。具体而言，我们旨在估算22个专业的风险 与野火烟雾暴露有关的结构性先天缺陷（20公里内的火灾燃烧区域，烟雾 频率，燃料的PM2.5和臭氧和多环子芳烃在孕产妇住所 在特定缺陷时期发育期间的早期怀孕。此外，我们将调查是否 野火烟雾暴露和出生缺陷之间的关系（或缺乏）被邻里修改 社会经济地位，社会心理压力或住房因素。 随着地理编码的住宅历史，医师确定了病例确定，广泛的协变量 我们的研究收集，住房特征以及详尽的空气污染以及火灾测量和建模 将在高度暴露的地区具有最精确的暴露评估和案例确定。 大约这些发现有可能告知针对性的临床和公共卫生干预措施 减少对孕妇的接触。