Effects of brain stimulation on neuronal dynamics and behavior

脑刺激对神经元动力学和行为的影响

• 批准号: 9262276
• 负责人: CHARLES E SCHROEDER
• 金额: $ 20.21万
• 依托单位: NATHAN S. KLINE INSTITUTE FOR PSYCH RES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-15 至 2018-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9262276
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Anterior; Area; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Auditory; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Cell membrane; Cell physiology; Cells; Chronic; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Data; Detection; Disease; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology (science); Event; Focused Ultrasound; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Hippocampus (Brain); Impairment; Implant; Intervention; Lead; Link; Macaca; Manuals; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Monkeys; Motor; Neocortex; Neurons; Pathway Analysis; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Periodicity; Pharmacology; Phase; Physiological; Physiological Processes; Physiology; Population; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Protocols documentation; Role; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Site; Sleep; Source; Speech; Stream; Synapses; Testing; Variant; auditory discrimination; awake; behavior measurement; cognitive ability; cognitive function; density; electric field; experimental study; follow-up; high risk; improved; indexing; instrument; multi-electrode arrays; neocortical; neuropsychiatric disorder; novel; operation; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; sensory discrimination; sensory stimulus; success; tool

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neuroelectric oscillations reflect synchronous excitability fluctuations in ensembles of neurons, ubiquitous in the waking (and sleeping) brain, and are believed to be fundamental instruments in adaptive brain function. Despite recent progress in understanding the physiological underpinnings and functional significance of neuronal oscillations, the cellular physiology of the reset and entrainment processes, that allow the brain to harness oscillations as building blocks of perception and cognition, are unclear. Recent findings suggest that it is possible to manipulate neuronal oscillations using weak transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) both with direct and alternating currents (tDCS and tACS respectively). This raises possibilities for causal manipulations that can help to confirm the role of specific oscillatory dynamics in specific aspects of perception and behavior, as well as the possibility of treating neuropsychiatric disorders in which disruptions of brain dynamics underlie cognitive deficits. We propose to examine effects of tDCS and tACS with a combination of electric field measurements and modelling, electrophysiological and behavioral measurements in awake-behaving macaque monkeys. Our Specific Aims are: 1) Optimize models to target specific brain regions with tDCS and tACS. Widespread. "macro-scale" intracranial recordings with chronically-implanted, 48 channel stereotactic EEG (s-EEG) arrays will determine how intracranial electric fields are affected by stimulation parameters, e.g., intensity, frequency (tACS) and variations in stimulating electrode nu mber (up to 8) and positions. 2) Define physiological and behavioral effects of tDCS and tACS in active sensory processing. We will use a limited (24 channel) version of the macro-scale network analysis (AIM 1), along with micro-scale measures in monkeys performing auditory discriminations and making manual responses to targets. Micro-scale measures include laminar field potential (FP), current source density (CSD) and multiunit activity (MUA) profiles sampled with multielectrode arrays across the layers of selected neocortical areas. CSD and MUA analyses are used to define the profiles of synaptic activity (indexed by current sinks and sources) and envelope of concomitant neuronal firing across the cortical layers, thus linking stimulation effects to specific cell populations, circuits and physiological processes engaged in oscillatory dynamics. Measuring network and cell-circuit activity patterns during sensory processing, target detection and motor responding will provide robust and sensitive means to gauge electrical stimulation effects on brain dynamics underlying these key processes. Success will support and inform a broader effort to develop a more detailed concrete picture of the properties of neuronal ensembles that create brain rhythms and organize them to perform fundamental cognitive operations. Improved mechanistic understanding of brain stimulation effects may lead to improved brain stimulation protocols, treatments disorders such as schizophrenia, autism and ADHD, in which sensory entrainment at both low and high frequencies is demonstrably or putatively impaired.

 描述（由申请人证明）：神经振荡反映了我们在醒来（和睡觉）大脑中的同步兴奋性。不清楚的是，使用弱点（TES）具有直接和交替的电流（TDC和TACS） 特定的振荡动力学在brain脑，认知缺陷中的特异性动力学中，我们建议检查使用LD测量和建模，电生理和行为测量的TAC和TAC的影响。 1）具有TDC和TAC的IC大脑区域。 MBER（最多8个）和阳性网络分析（AIM 1），以及猴子中的微观测量方法听觉歧视和对目标的手动响应（FP）。 CSD）和多电极阵列在所选区域的层中采样了多电极阵列。因此，将刺激与特定的电池普及在感觉过程中测量网络和电路活动，目标检测和运动响应将提供强大的ND敏感手段，以衡量对脑动力学的电气刺激。神经元合奏脑节律并组织它们的特性，它们tondform基础Cognititeon S.对大脑刺激方案的机理理解Hrenia，Autism和ADHD的机械理解，在这两者中，这两者都受到了感觉的夹带，而高自由度则是示威或推定的联盟。

项目成果

Spatiotemporal structure of intracranial electric fields induced by transcranial electric stimulation in humans and nonhuman primates.

• DOI: 10.1038/srep31236
• 发表时间: 2016-08-18
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Opitz A;Falchier A;Yan CG;Yeagle EM;Linn GS;Megevand P;Thielscher A;Deborah A R;Milham MP;Mehta AD;Schroeder CE
• 通讯作者: Schroeder CE