Genetic analysis of sexually dimorphic olfactory processing

两性嗅觉处理的遗传分析

基本信息

批准号：
9376656
负责人：
Chih-Ying Su
金额：
$ 39.29万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-07-01 至 2022-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9376656
关键词：
Address Age Animals Aphrodisiacs Behavioral Calcium Characteristics Complex Copulation Courtship Data Detection Drosophila genus Electrophysiology (science)Exhibits Female Food Functional Imaging Genes Genetic Goals Hormonal Human Image Impairment Individual Insecta Juvenile Hormones Light Mediating Mental disorders Modeling Molecular Names Neurodegenerative Disorders Neurodevelopmental Disorder Neurons Odorant Receptors Odors Olfactory Pathways Partner in relationship Performance Pharmacology Pheromone Property Protein Isoforms Publications Research Rodent Sensory Smell Perception Sodium Channel Specific qualifier value System Testing Woman Work age related experimental study fly genetic analysis genetic approach genetic manipulation hormone regulation imaging approach in vivo calcium imaging insight male men neurophysiology reproductive reproductive hormone response sex transcription factor

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The long-term goal of this project is to determine the molecular mechanisms by which sex-determining genes and reproductive hormones differentially regulate olfactory sensitivity in males and females. In humans, olfactory performance is highly dependent on age and sex; women generally outperform men in smell identification, and men are more prone to olfactory impairment as they age. Similarly, in other animal species, select groups of odorant receptor neurons (ORNs), such as those important for pheromone detection, exhibit sexually dimorphic characteristics as animals reach the age of sexual maturity. However, the mechanisms underlying sexually-dimorphic neurophysiology are poorly understood.The research outlined here takes advantage of the powerful genetic toolkit of the Drosophila olfactory system to address this complex question. In this proposal, the first aim is to determine the generality of age-dependent sensitization in courtship- promoting ORNs. The hypothesis that all courtship-promoting ORNs in males undergo age-dependent sensitization will be tested using genetic, pharmacological, and functional imaging approaches. The second aim proposes a genetic analysis of downstream effector molecules that enhance olfactory sensitivity in the courtship-promoting ORNs. Finally, the third aim will test the hypothesis that a reproductive hormone promotes age-dependent sensitization through its interaction with a male-specific transcription factor. Results from these studies are expected to yield critical mechanistic insights into how sex-determining genes and reproductive hormones jointly regulate sensory neurophysiology and olfactory processing. These insights may have implications in understanding sexually dimorphic neurophysiology and sex-specific proclivities for certain neurodegenerative diseases.

项目摘要/摘要该项目的长期目标是确定性别决定基因的分子机制生殖激素对男性和女性的嗅觉敏感性差异化。在人类中嗅觉表现高度依赖于年龄和性别。女人通常在气味中表现优于男人随着年龄的增长，识别和男人更容易遭受嗅觉损害。同样，在其他动物物种中，精选的气味受体神经元（ORN），例如对于信息素检测很重要的组随着动物达到性成熟年龄，性二态特征。但是，机制理解的基本性二态神经生理学的理解很少。果蝇嗅觉系统强大的遗传工具包的优势来解决这个复杂的问题。在该提案中，第一个目的是确定求爱中年龄依赖性敏感的普遍性 - 促进ORN。男性中所有求爱求爱的ORN的假设都依赖于年龄灵敏度将使用遗传，药理和功能成像方法进行测试。第二个 AIM提出了对下游效应分子的遗传分析，从而增强了嗅觉敏感性求婚的Orns。最后，第三个目标将检验生殖激素的假设通过与男性特异性转录因子的相互作用来促进年龄依赖性敏化。结果从这些研究中，预计将对性别确定基因和方式产生关键的机理见解生殖激素共同调节感觉神经生理学和嗅觉加工。这些见解可能对理解性二态性神经生理学和性别特异性倾向具有某些影响神经退行性疾病。