Pharmacogenetic manipulation of brain regions to reduce alcohol binge drinking

大脑区域的药物遗传学操作以减少酗酒

• 批准号: 9223631
• 负责人: Angela Renee Ozburn
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: PORTLAND VA MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-10-01 至 2019-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9223631
• 关键词: Acute; Affect; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohol-Related Disorders; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Animal Genetics; Animal Model; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Assay; Blood alcohol level measurement; Brain; Brain region; Candidate Disease Gene; Cells; Chronic; Clinical Trials; Clozapine; Darkness; Data; Deep Brain Stimulation; Dependence; Diagnosis; Disease; Epigenetic Process; Ethanol; Family; Gene Delivery; Gene Expression; Genes; Genetic Transcription; Healthcare Systems; Individual; Intake; Knowledge; Liquid substance; Measures; Mediating; Medical; Mental disorders; Methods; Morphology; Motivation; Mus; Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Oxides; Pathway Analysis; Pathway interactions; Persons; Pharmacogenetics; Property; Public Health; Published Comment; Relapse; Research; Research Priority; Rewards; Signal Transduction; Stress; Substance abuse problem; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; Viral; adverse outcome; alcohol abuse therapy; alcohol behavior; alcohol craving; alcohol measurement; alcohol relapse; alcohol research; alcohol reward; alcohol use disorder; binge drinking; designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs; differential expression; disorder later incidence prevention; drinking; drinking behavior; effective therapy; experimental study; insight; neuronal circuitry; novel; public health relevance; response; tool; transcription factor; transcriptome; transcriptome sequencing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol dependence is a devastating psychiatric disorder to individuals and their families, with substantial medical and societal impact. There exists a serious public health need to identify and characterize new and more effective treatments. Chronic alcohol intake leads to long lasting changes in reward- and stress-related neuronal circuitry. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is an integral component of this circuitry. The stability of behavioral alterations associated with chronic alcohol abuse suggests maladaptive neuroplasticity that is likely achieved through transcriptional mechanisms. Recent clinical trials have revealed that deep brain stimulation of the NAc decreases alcohol craving and relapse in alcohol dependent subjects (Vogues et al., 2012). Much is unknown about the efficacy and mechanisms underlying treatments that alter brain activity. In the proposed studies, I will use DREADDs (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) to increase or decrease neuronal activity in the nucleus accumbens and measure alcohol binge drinking (using the limited access paradigm, drinking in the dark) and relapse-like drinking (using chronic intermittent ethanol induction of dependence followed by limited access drinking) behaviors in mice selectively bred to drink intoxicating levels of alcohol in a limited access paradigm. Interestingly, preliminary data reveal that increasing NAc activity decreases binge drinking without altering alcohol reward. Since this is the first time a study such as this has been conducted, it will be essential to determine if these changes in behavior are accompanied by changes in expression of plasticity-related genes and identify DREADD/alcohol responsive gene expression networks using whole transcriptome sequencing (RNA Seq). These findings could have vast implications for alcohol research and treatment.

描述（由申请人提供）： 酒精依赖是对个人及其家人的毁灭性精神障碍，具有重大的医学和社会影响。存在严重的公共卫生需要识别和表征新的，更有效的治疗方法。慢性酒精摄入导致奖励和压力相关的神经元回路的持久变化。伏隔核（NAC）是该电路的组成部分。与慢性酒精滥用相关的行为改变的稳定性表明，可能通过转录机制实现了适应不良的神经塑性。最近的临床试验表明，对NAC的大脑刺激会降低酒精依赖受试者的酒精渴望和复发（Vogues等，2012）。关于改变大脑活动的疗效的功效和机制，尚不清楚。在拟议的研究中，我将使用Dreadds（专门由设计师药物激活的设计师受体）来增加或减少伏核中神经元活性并测量酒精暴饮暴食（使用有限的访问范式，在黑暗中饮酒）和类似复发的饮酒（使用持续饮酒量限制了饮酒量的含量限制），该饮酒量限制了饮酒，该饮酒量限制了饮酒量，该饮酒量是有限的。 范例。有趣的是，初步数据表明，增加的NAC活性会减少暴饮暴食而不会改变酒精奖励。由于这是第一次进行此类研究，因此必须确定这些行为变化是否伴随着与可塑性相关基因表达的变化，并使用整个转录组测序（RNA SEQ）识别Dreadd/酒精反应性基因表达网络。这些发现可能对酒精研究和治疗具有巨大的影响。