Oxytocin and Brain Reward and Stress Responses to Infant Cues in Addicted Mothers

催产素和大脑奖励以及成瘾母亲对婴儿暗示的压力反应

• 批准号: 8913506
• 负责人: LINDA Carol MAYES
• 金额: $ 65.21万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-15 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8913506
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Amygdaloid structure; Area; Behavior; Brain; Brain imaging; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Childhood; Chronic stress; Classification; Code; Corpus striatum structure; Cross-Over Studies; Crossover Design; Crying; Cues; Data; Development; Developmental Process; Distress; Dopamine; Dorsal; Double-Blind Method; Drug Addiction; Emotional; Enrollment; Esthesia; Face; Family; Figs - dietary; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Glucocorticoids; Goals; Grant; Habits; Hypothalamic structure; Individual Differences; Infant; Interview; Investigation; Knowledge; Literature; Maternal Behavior; Medicine; Modeling; Mothers; Motor output; Negative Valence; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Neurosecretory Systems; Oxytocin; Pathway interactions; Peripheral; Placebo Control; Placebos; Play; Positive Valence; Predisposition; Prefrontal Cortex; Procedures; Process; Public Health; Randomized; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research Domain Criteria; Rewards; Risk-Taking; Site; Smiling; Social Processes; Stress; Substantia nigra structure; System; Thalamic structure; Trauma; Ventral Striatum; Ventral Tegmental Area; Videotape; Visit; Woman; Work; addiction; behavioral response; biological adaptation to stress; brain circuitry; brain pathway; caregiving; cognitive development; college; drug of abuse; experience; indexing; neglect; novel; pediatric trauma; public health relevance; response; sensory input; social; treatment strategy

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Maternal drug addiction constitutes a major public health problem for both women and affected children, with long lasting consequences on children's social, emotional and cognitive development. Current treatment strategies tend to focus on the mother and her current addiction, rather than her relationship with her child, and developmental processes that may perpetuate the addiction problems, such as unresolved childhood attachment trauma, neglect, and chronic stress. Unlike mothers who find engaging with their own infant to be a uniquely rewarding experience, mothers with addictions may be less able to respond appropriately to their infant's cues, finding them less intrinsically rewardin or salient, and more stress provoking. Our current study has identified key areas in dopaminergic and oxytocinergic brain pathways that show a diminished functional MRI response when addicted mothers view the faces of their own vs. unknown infants, compared with non- addicted mothers. These areas include the hypothalamus, striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Oxytocin, a neuropeptide with decreased peripheral levels seen in addicted mothers, is integrally involved in maternal brain and behavioral responses. When administered intranasally, our pilot data has shown enhanced activation of the striatum, prefrontal cortex and amygdala. The purpose of this renewal grant is to continue and expand upon our investigation of maternal addiction, by conducting a randomized, double-blinded, placebo- controlled, crossover study of intranasal oxytocin on maternal brain responses. A new group of 150 mothers from our two current study sites (Baylor College of Medicine and the Yale Child Study Center) will be enrolled (75 with a history of drug addiction and 75 matched control mothers), along with their 4 to 7-month-old infants, to participate in four study visits over a two-month period. During Visit 1, mothers will complete the Adult Attachment Interview to determine their attachment classification and to identify markers of unresolved trauma. At Visit 2, a videotaped free-play assessment of mother-infant interaction (the CARE-Index), and a modified Still Face Procedure, will be conducted to assess the quality of maternal caregiving and synchrony. During the final two study visits, functional MRI will be used to compare maternal brain responses to infant face cues after receiving either intranasal oxytocin or placebo, comparing "own" vs. "unknown" happy and sad faces. We will focus on activation of, and functional connectivity between, the striatum, prefrontal cortex and amygdala, key reward and stress related regions containing oxytocinergic neuronal connections. We will also examine factors that may moderate oxytocin's effect in the brain, including attachment classification, mother-infant synchrony, sensation-seeking or risk-taking behavior, and stress/trauma exposure. This knowledge will contribute significantly to our long-term goal of discovering novel treatment strategies for mothers who suffer from drug dependency and addiction.

 描述（通过应用程序证明）：孕产妇的征兵是妇女和受影响的儿童的主要公共卫生问题，持久的社会，情感和认知的发展，而不是与孩子的关系。这可能会使添加的征收创伤，忽视和慢性压力与拥有自己的疾病的母亲不同，这可能较少能够对婴儿提示的反应，发现thringsicaly奖励或明显催产毒素能的大脑途径在表现出功能降低的母亲时表现出自己的面孔，而这些区域包括下丘脑，纹状体隆顿皮质素（一种神经肽，一种神经肽，一种神经肽，在上瘾的母亲中可见的周围性降低时，在上瘾的母亲反应时，我们的静脉内，我们的飞行员数据，飞行员数据时，飞行员的行为。显示出增强的额骨皮质和杏仁核的激活。耶鲁儿童学习中心将被招募的对照母亲及其4至7个月大的人参加，以在两个月内参加四个研究访问。在访问2时，未解决的创伤是对母亲交流的录像带评估（护理指数），以评估孕产妇护理和同步期间的质量。孕妇大脑对婴儿鼻内催产素或安慰剂后对婴儿面孔的反应，比较“自己的”与“未知”，“快乐和悲伤的面孔”。我们将专注于纹状体，前额叶皮质和杏仁核，关键的纹状体和功能连接的激活和功能连接奖励和压力与催产素能神经元的连接。母亲的新型治疗因素遭受了毒品依赖和成瘾的困扰。