Trajectories of Behavioral Inhibition and Risk for Anxiety

行为抑制和焦虑风险的轨迹

• 批准号: 8278492
• 负责人: Nathan A Fox
• 金额: $ 51.01万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-07 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8278492
• 关键词: 11 year old; 13 year old; Accounting; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Anxiety; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral inhibition; Biological; Biological Factors; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Cognitive; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Event; Exhibits; Exposure to; Failure; Friends; Friendships; Goals; Incidence; Individual; Individual Differences; Infant; Measures; Mediation; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Outcome; Partner in relationship; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Peer Group; Physiological; Play; Population; Process; Psychopathology; Puberty; Questionnaires; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Marker; Role; Sampling; Schools; Shapes; Social Adjustment; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Socialization; Symptoms; Temperament; Time; Withdrawal; Work; base; behavior observation; cohort; early adolescence; early childhood; experience; infancy; innovation; meetings; middle school; model development; peer; programs; social; social skills; success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): As children transition from elementary to middle school, there are changes to their social context that include exposure to unfamiliar age mates and reorganization of existing peer groups which generate a number of challenges to be met. Some children negotiate these changes and new challenges easily, while others have greater difficulty. A child's temperament may influence their success or failure in this process. Behavioral Inhibited children may be particularly vulnerable to problems in social adaptation across the middle school years and into adolescence. Behavioral Inhibition is a temperament, identified early in childhood that involves heightened sensitivity to novelty, withdrawal from mildly stressful and unfamiliar events, and social reticence. We have recruited a large cohort (n=315) of infants and have carefully characterized their temperamental disposition to behavioral inhibition over the period of infancy and early childhood. We now wish to see these children before they enter middle school (10-11 years of age) and then soon after they transition to early adolescence (12-13 years of age). We will observe their social competence with familiar and unfamiliar peers and assess their attention bias to threat, as well as cognitive self-monitoring, in order to gain a detailed understanding of the social and cognitive mechanisms that influence the pathways from temperament to adaptive or maladaptive outcomes during this important period of development. Our unique and innovative approach involves behavioral observation of dyadic social interaction with familiar and unfamiliar peers when children are 10-11 years of age, assessment of cognitive factors at that age, as well as questionnaire measures of biological factors and school context. We will use these data to predict social competence in a peer group as well as incidence of psychopathology at age 12-13. This approach will allow us to identify how specific social and cognitive mechanisms moderate initial child temperament of behavioral inhibition to increase or diminish the risk for poor social adaptation and heightened incidence of psychopathology.

描述（由申请人提供）：随着孩子从小学过渡到中学，他们的社会环境会发生变化，包括接触不熟悉的同龄人以及现有同龄人群体的重组，这会产生许多需要应对的挑战。有些孩子很容易应对这些变化和新的挑战，而另一些孩子则遇到更大的困难。孩子的气质可能会影响他们在此过程中的成功或失败。行为抑制的儿童在中学时期和青春期可能特别容易出现社会适应问题。行为抑制是一种在儿童早期发现的气质，涉及对新奇事物的高度敏感、从轻微压力和不熟悉的事件中退缩以及社交沉默。我们招募了一大群婴儿（n = 315），并仔细描述了他们在婴儿期和幼儿期对行为抑制的气质倾向。我们现在希望看到这些孩子在进入中学之前（10-11 岁），然后在他们过渡到青春期早期（12-13 岁）后不久。我们将观察他们与熟悉和不熟悉的同伴的社交能力，并评估他们对威胁的注意偏差以及认知自我监控，以便详细了解影响从气质到适应或适应不良的途径的社会和认知机制在此重要发展时期取得的成果。我们独特和创新的方法包括对 10-11 岁儿童与熟悉和不熟悉的同龄人的二元社交互动进行行为观察，评估该年龄段的认知因素，以及对生物因素和学校环境进行问卷调查。我们将使用这些数据来预测同龄人群体的社交能力以及 12-13 岁的精神病理学发病率。这种方法将使我们能够确定特定的社会和认知机制如何调节最初的儿童行为抑制气质，以增加或减少社会适应不良和精神病理学发病率升高的风险。