Neural Origins of Temperamental Risk for Anxiety

焦虑的气质风险的神经起源

• 批准号: 10317105
• 负责人: Nathan A Fox
• 金额: $ 19.31万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-10 至 2023-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10317105
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adopted; Adult; Affect; Age-Months; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Attention; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Behavioral inhibition; Brain; Brain imaging; Child; Childhood; Code; Control Groups; Data; Development; Distress; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Grain; Individual; Infant; Knowledge; Life; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mental Health; Motor Activity; Neurobiology; Parents; Pattern; Population; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Rest; Risk; Sampling; Scanning; Site; Societies; Stimulus; Structure; Temperament; Testing; Work; base; behavior measurement; connectome; data harmonization; early childhood; infancy; infant temperament; innovation; negative affect; neural correlate; prospective; recruit; relating to nervous system; virtual

Project Summary Anxiety disorders affect one third of the US population, significantly burdening individuals and society. Although rates peak in late adolescence, anxiety disorders have origins in infant and early childhood temperament. Moreover, beyond predicting risk for later anxiety, early temperament even more strongly predicts later neural correlates of anxiety. As such, temperament may identify an enduring neural “risk signature.” Precisely characterizing this signature may generate knowledge that would help reduce the burden of long-term mental health problems. However, most research quantifies such neural risk signatures in older children and adults. Thus, it remains unclear whether such a risk signature, involving temperament and brain function, manifests in infancy before predicting later behavior. Here, we propose to recruit a sample of typically developing 3-5-month-old infants screened to identify negative reactive temperament, characterize their brain networks using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and assess their Behavioral Inhibition (BI) at 13-15 months of age. Our prior work uses novelty-evoked motor activity and behavioral distress to quantify a temperamental bias called negative reactivity. This bias predicts later avoidance of unfamiliar stimuli or contexts during early childhood, a pattern called BI. BI, in turn, is associated with functioning in the brain’s salience and ventral attention networks. Moreover, BI is the best early-child behavioral predictor of later anxiety disorders, conditions also associated with functioning in the salience and ventral attention networks. We will test the hypothesis that behaviorally assessed negative reactivity in early infancy is associated with decreased functional connectivity in the salience and ventral attention networks relative to non-reactive infants. Identifying the neural underpinnings of heightened negative reactivity in infancy and links to BI will elucidate the neurobiological origins of risk for the development of anxiety.

项目概要 焦虑症影响着三分之一的美国人口，给个人和社会带来了沉重负担。 虽然焦虑症的发病率在青春期后期达到顶峰，但焦虑症起源于婴儿和幼儿期 此外，除了预测以后焦虑的风险之外，早期的气质甚至更加强烈。 预测随后的焦虑的神经相关性因此，气质可能会识别出持久的神经“风险”。 准确地描述这个签名可能会产生有助于减轻负担的知识。 然而，大多数研究都量化了老年人的此类神经风险特征。 因此，目前尚不清楚这种风险特征是否涉及气质和大脑。 功能，在预测以后的行为之前在婴儿期表现出来。在这里，我们建议招募一个典型的样本。 对 3-5 个月大的发育中婴儿进行筛查，以识别消极反应气质，从而表征他们的大脑 使用磁共振成像 (MRI) 建立网络，并在 13-15 个月时评估其行为抑制 (BI) 我们之前的工作使用新奇引起的运动活动和行为困扰来量化气质。 这种偏见预示着以后会在早期避免不熟悉的刺激或环境。 童年时期，一种称为 BI 的模式与大脑的显着性和腹侧功能相关。 此外，BI 是后期焦虑症的最佳早期儿童行为预测指标。 我们将测试与显着性和腹侧注意网络的功能相关的条件。 假设婴儿早期行为评估的负面反应与减少 与非反应性婴儿相关的显着性和腹侧注意网络的功能连接。 婴儿期香水负面反应的神经基础以及与 BI 的联系将阐明 焦虑发展风险的神经生物学起源。