Increasing Economic Resources and Obesity: A Quasi-Experimental Study

增加经济资源与肥胖：一项准实验研究

基本信息

批准号：
8354648
负责人：
Jessica C Jones-Smith
金额：
$ 13.68万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-09-06 至 2014-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8354648
关键词：
Address Adult Affect American Indian and Alaska Native American Indians Area Award Birth Birth Records Birth Weight California Child Childhood Collection Communities Community Developments Community Health Data Data Analyses Data Collection Economically Deprived Population Economics Epidemiology Etiology Experimental Designs Family Food Funding Gestational Age Goals Health Income Individual Infant Intervention Knowledge Lead Life Life Cycle Stages Link Mediating Mentors Methods Mining Morbidity - disease rate Natural experiment Obesity Observational Study Outcome Pathway interactions Phase Physical activity Plague Policies Policy Maker Population Pregnancy Price Public Health Publications Reading Records Recreation Research Research Activity Research Training Resources Risk Role Schools Shock Social Psychology Social Welfare Socioeconomic Status Staging Testing Time Training Training Activity United States Variant Vendor Weight Weight Gain Woman career ethnic minority population evidence base feeding fitness health economics improved infancy mortality nutrition obesity in children obesity risk population health prevent psychosocial racial and ethnic research study skills social socioeconomics stem symposium theories tool tribal member

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality and is inversely associated with economic resources in the US. Despite the well-documented correlation between decreased individual- and community-level economic resources and increased obesity, few existing studies have been capable of attributing a causal impact to the effect of economic resources on obesity, particularly among children. Determining the extent to which economic resources are causal antecedents to weight-related health outcomes is vitally important for informing structural approaches for improving population health. I am seeking the Pathway to Independence Award in order to gain the additional training required to accomplish my career goal: to establish an independent pro- gram of research that rigorously investigates socioeconomic inputs to health and productively bridges epidemiology, nutrition, public health, economics, and social psychology. The training portion of this project includes formal courses, directed readings, attendance of scholarly seminars, apprenticeships, and mentored career building activities to gain skills in the following key areas: 1) economics and econometrics, 2) social psycho- logical theories of SES-health relationships, 3) primary data collection and qualitative data analysis. The newly acquired knowledge and skills will be applied in the research component of the project. The research component of this project proposes a quasi-experimental approach to examine the extent to which increased economic resources are associated with maternal weight gain and childhood obesity. I propose that the introduction of casino-style gaming to American Indian tribal lands offers a unique opportunity to determine how an exogenous, sustained influx of economic resources to American Indian communities impacts population health. We will leverage existing geographically-linked vital records and school fitness testing records in combination with space-time variation in casino openings in the state of California to accomplish the following specific aims: 1) Determine the extent to which an exogenous increase in economic resources affects: a) excessive gestational weight gain, b) large-for-gestational-age infant birth weight, and c) child obesity; 2) Assess how economic resources stemming from casinos may affect weight-related health through the collection of formative, qualitative data; 3) Collect quantitative data in order to assess mediating or moderating mechanisms between exogenous economic resources and weight-related health. The training and research activities will feed into publications and conference presentations, and will prepare me to compete successfully for R01 funding during the R00 phase of the project. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Relevance Obesity is inversely related to socioeconomic status and disproportionately represented among racial/ethnic minority populations in the United States. This study will address the extent to which improvements in economic resources among American Indian/Alaska Natives communities can lead to decreased risk of obesity for women and children in these populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：肥胖是发病率和死亡率的主要原因，并且与美国的经济资源成反比。尽管个人和社区经济资源减少与肥胖增加之间的相关性已得到充分证明，但现有研究很少能够将经济资源对肥胖（尤其是儿童）的影响归因于因果影响。确定经济资源在多大程度上是体重相关健康结果的因果因素，对于为改善人口健康的结构性方法提供信息至关重要。我正在寻求独立之路奖，以获得实现我的职业目标所需的额外培训：建立一个独立的研究计划，严格调查对健康的社会经济投入，并有效地将流行病学、营养、公共卫生、经济学、和社会心理学。该项目的培训部分包括正式课程、定向阅读、参加学术研讨会、学徒和指导职业建设活动，以获得以下关键领域的技能：1）经济学和计量经济学，2）SES 的社会心理学理论健康关系，3）原始数据收集和定性数据分析。新获得的知识和技能将应用于该项目的研究部分。该项目的研究部分提出了一种准实验方法来检验经济资源增加与母亲体重增加和儿童肥胖之间的关联程度。我建议将赌场式游戏引入美洲印第安部落土地，这提供了一个独特的机会来确定外源性、持续的经济资源流入美洲印第安人社区如何影响人口健康。我们将利用现有的地理相关的重要记录和学校健康测试记录，结合加利福尼亚州赌场开业的时空变化来实现以下具体目标：1）确定经济资源的外生增长影响的程度：a) 妊娠体重增加过多，b) 大于胎龄婴儿出生体重，c) 儿童肥胖； 2) 通过收集形成性、定性数据，评估赌场产生的经济资源如何影响与体重相关的健康； 3）收集定量数据，以评估外源经济资源与体重相关健康之间的中介或调节机制。培训和研究活动将纳入出版物和会议演示中，并使我能够在项目的 R00 阶段成功竞争 R01 资金。公共卫生相关性：相关性肥胖与社会经济地位成反比，并且在美国的种族/族裔人口中所占比例过高。这项研究将探讨美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民社区经济资源的改善在多大程度上可以降低这些人群中妇女和儿童的肥胖风险。