Electrophysiological Probes And Treatments In Neurobehavioral Disorders

神经行为障碍的电生理学探针和治疗

基本信息

批准号：
8746786
负责人：
Eric M Wassermann
金额：
$ 99.15万
依托单位：
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
至
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8746786
关键词：
Acute Area Attention Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Paradigm Blast Cell Bradykinesia Brain Brain Injuries Brain imaging Chronic Clinical Clinical Research Cognition Collaborations Complex Costs and Benefits Data Disease Exercise Exposure to Fatigue Feedback Fibromyalgia Functional Imaging Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Generations Goals Human Imaging Device Impairment Intervention Learning Link Medical Research Memory Memory Disorders Memory impairment Military Personnel Modeling Motivation Motor Motor Cortex Motor output Movement Neurology Occupational Exposure Organism Outcome Outcome Measure Pain Parkinson Disease Pathogenesis Pathway interactions Patients Perception Phase Physiological Population Prefrontal Cortex Punishment Rehabilitation therapy Research Institute Rewards Role Shapes Signal Transduction Stress Structure System Time Training and Education Transcranial magnetic stimulation Traumatic Brain Injury Unconscious State Visual base behavior measurement discount expectation interest neurobehavioral disorder neuroimaging neurophysiology primary outcome research study response skill acquisition skills stressor theories visual information willingness

项目摘要

Clinical studies We are exploring the role of damage to specific brain areas, including the reward pathways, in the genesis of fatigue, amotivation, and other common, unexplained complaints of military personnel returning from deployment. This study combines intensive neuroimaging with standard and experimental behavioral measures focusing on effort generation. Another study in collaboration with the Naval Medical Research Center and the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research is looking for evidence of behavioral and brain changes in military personnel with occupational exposure to blast. Neurophysiological probe studies We have successfully shown changes in the motor cortex response to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) that are linked to the expectation of reward. Studies are underway using physiological responses to see how expected effort acts to discount anticipated reward. We are using theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor and premotor cortex to produce a temporary impairment on learning tasks, as a model for traumatic brain injury. We then see whether adding various forms of reward to the same tasks can overcome this temporary blockade. This study has shown that theta-burst inhibition of the motor cortex has no significant effect on the acquisition of a motor sequence but impairs its retention 45 minutes later. Adding reward and punishment feedback during the acquisition phase, effectively reverses this deficit and produces its own beneficial effects on acquisition and recall in subjects receiving sham theta-burst stimulation. An experiment to examine these effects with functional MRI has been completed and is being analyzed. We are also doing a similar study with theta-burst inhibition of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Acute exercise as an intervention to enhance memory consolidation We are starting a study of brief and intense exercise as a way of enhancing the retention of verbal, visual, and rule-based information in healthy subjects and people with chronic moderate traumatic brain injury and memory deficits. The primary outcome measure is recall 7 days after exposure. The study also contains a fMRI experiment looking at how exercise alters brain activity during recall of visual information.

临床研究我们正在探索对特定大脑区域的损害，包括奖励途径，在疲劳，动机和其他常见的，无法解释的军事人员从部署中返回的军事人员的抱怨。这项研究将密集的神经影像与标准和实验行为措施结合在一起，重点是产生努力。另一项与海军医学研究中心和沃尔特·里德陆军研究所合作的研究是在寻求证据表明军事人员的行为和大脑变化，并在职业接触爆炸的情况下。神经生理探测研究我们已经成功地显示了与奖励期望有关的反颅磁刺激（TMS）的运动皮层反应的变化。正在使用生理反应进行研究，以了解预期的努力如何打折预期的奖励。我们正在使用theta-burst经颅磁刺激运动和前运动皮层来产生有关学习任务的临时损害，作为脑部创伤性脑损伤的模型。然后，我们看看在相同任务中添加各种形式的奖励是否可以克服这一临时封锁。这项研究表明，对运动皮层的抑制抑制对摄取运动序列没有显着影响，但45分钟后会损害其保留率。在收购阶段增加奖励和惩罚反馈，有效地扭转了这种赤字，并在接受假theta-burst刺激的受试者中对收购和召回产生自身的有益影响。通过功能MRI检查这些效果的实验已经完成，并且正在分析。我们还通过抑制背外侧前额叶皮层进行类似的研究。急性运动作为增强记忆巩固的干预措施我们正在开始一项简短和激烈运动的研究，以此来增强在健康受试者以及患有慢性中度外伤性脑损伤和记忆缺陷的人中的口头，视觉和基于规则的信息的保留。主要结果指标是暴露后7天召回。该研究还包含一个fMRI实验，研究在召回视觉信息期间运动如何改变大脑活动。