Electrophysiological Probes And Treatments In Neurobehavioral Disorders

神经行为障碍的电生理学探针和治疗

基本信息

批准号：
8342222
负责人：
Eric M Wassermann
金额：
$ 45.25万
依托单位：
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
至
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8342222
关键词：
Area Attention Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Paradigm Blast Cell Bradykinesia Brain Brain imaging Clinical Clinical Research Cognition Collaborations Complex Costs and Benefits Craniocerebral Trauma Data Disease Exposure to Fatigue Feedback Fibromyalgia Functional Imaging Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Funding Generations Goals Health Sciences Human Imaging Device Impairment Individual Investigation Learning Link Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Medical Research Military Personnel Modeling Motivation Motor Motor Cortex Motor output Movement Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Neurology Neurosciences Occupational Exposure Organism Outcome Pain Parkinson Disease Pathogenesis Pathway interactions Pattern Perception Phenotype Physiological Pilot Projects Population Probability Regenerative Medicine Research Institute Rewards Role Services Shapes Signal Transduction Stress Structure System Transcranial magnetic stimulation Traumatic Brain Injury Unconscious State Universities Work base behavior measurement computerized discount expectation gamma-Aminobutyric Acid interest neurobehavioral disorder neuroimaging neurophysiology response skill acquisition theories willingness

项目摘要

Clinical studies We are exploring the role of damage to specific brain areas, including the reward pathways, in the genesis of fatigue, amotivation, and other common, unexplained complaints of military personnel returning from deployment. This study combines intensive neuroimaging with standard and experimental behavioral measures focusing on effort generation. Another study in collaboration with the Naval Medical Research Center and the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research is looking for evidence of behavioral and brain changes in military personnel with occupational exposure to blast. Neurophysiological probe studies We have successfully shown changes in the motor cortex response to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) that are linked to the expectation of reward. We are currently studying how this response varies with expected reward probability. Studies are also underway using physiological responses to see how expected effort acts to discount anticipated reward. We are using magnetic resonance spectroscopy to explore how motor cortex gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration changes during learning and whether this correlates with neurophysiological phenotypes (responses to TMS) across individuals. This work is partially funded by the Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. We are using theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor and premotor cortex to produce a temporary impairment on learning tasks, as a model for traumatic brain injury. We then see whether adding various forms of reward to the same tasks can overcome this temporary blockade. These investigations will also be carried out with the addition of functional MRI, to look for the effect of theta burst stimulation and reward on patterns of activation. We have successfully completed a pilot study, funded by the Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, we are investigating the ability of near-infrared spectroscopy to detect activation of the frontal pole of the brain by a simple task, which has been previously validated using functional MRI. The goal is to provide a simple, computerized, portable, and robust system for detecting mild head injuries.

临床研究我们正在探索对特定大脑区域的损害，包括奖励途径，在疲劳，动机和其他常见的，无法解释的军事人员从部署中返回的军事人员的抱怨。这项研究将密集的神经影像与标准和实验行为措施结合在一起，重点是产生努力。另一项与海军医学研究中心和沃尔特·里德陆军研究所合作的研究是在寻求证据表明军事人员的行为和大脑变化，并在职业接触爆炸的情况下。神经生理探测研究我们已经成功地显示了与奖励期望有关的反颅磁刺激（TMS）的运动皮层反应的变化。我们目前正在研究这种响应如何随预期的奖励概率而变化。还使用生理反应进行研究，以查看预期努力如何打折预期的奖励。我们正在使用磁共振光谱来探讨学习过程中运动皮层γ氨基丁酸（GABA）浓度如何变化，以及这是否与个体跨个体的神经生理表型（对TMS的反应）相关。这项工作由统一的卫生科学大学神经科学和再生医学中心部分资助。我们正在使用theta-burst经颅磁刺激运动和前运动皮层来产生有关学习任务的临时损害，作为脑部创伤性脑损伤的模型。然后，我们看看在相同任务中添加各种形式的奖励是否可以克服这一临时封锁。这些研究还将通过添加功能性MRI进行，以寻找theta爆发刺激和奖励对激活模式的影响。我们已经成功地完成了一项由统一的卫生科学服务大学神经科学和再生医学中心资助的试点研究，我们正在研究近红外光谱法检测通过功能性MRI已验证的简单任务来检测大脑前极激活大脑前极的能力。目的是提供一个简单，计算机化，便携式和健壮的系统来检测轻度头部受伤。