Biodemography of Exceptional Longevity in the United States

美国超长寿命的生物人口学

基本信息

批准号：
8403702
负责人：
Leonid A. Gavrilov
金额：
$ 22.63万
依托单位：
NATIONAL OPINION RESEARCH CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-01-01 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8403702
关键词：
Accounting Address Adult Age Aging Behavioral Biogenesis Biography Biological Birth Birth Order Birth Place Cancer Grant Supplements (P30)Censuses Centenarian Characteristics Chicago Childhood Collaborations Communicable Diseases Communities Data Data Set Data Sources Databases Demographic Aging Development Disease Elderly Environment Environmental Risk Factor Event Expenditure Family Family Reconstitutions Funding Future Gender Gender Role Genealogy Genetic Goals Health Health Planning Health Policy Healthcare Height Human Impairment Individual Information Technology Interdisciplinary Study Internet Life Life Cycle Stages Link Long-Term Effects Longevity Marriage Measures Memory Military Personnel Mothers Outcome Pennsylvania Pensions Persons Pilot Projects Population Population Projection Privacy Process Public Health Records Reproductive Behavior Reproductive History Research Research Infrastructure Research Personnel Resources Running Sampling Science Series Sex Characteristics Societies Socioeconomic Factors Testing Time United States United States Social Security Administration Universities Utah Wisconsin abstracting aging population biodemography design human mortality improved insight longevity gene male middle age policy implication population health programs response social socioeconomics user-friendly web site young adult

项目摘要

Biodemography of Exceptional Longevity in the United States Abstract This project proposes to investigate why some people manage to survive to extreme old age (100+ years) and what are the biological and social correlates of exceptional longevity. These are important issues not only for demographic forecasts of human mortality and population aging, and the policy implications on health-care and pension expenditures, but also for improving our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of human aging and longevity. The project will take advantage of the ongoing revolution in information technology for human longevity studies to examine the determinants of exceptional survival both on individual and population levels, using a rich variety of the U.S. data sources available through the Internet, including Social Security Administration datasets, Census data, family reconstitutions and validated genealogies, and military draft records. Recent findings from the P.I.'s pilot study of U.S. centenarians, funded by the Chicago Center on Aging (under NIA grant #P30 AG012857) and the Society of Actuaries, suggest that differences in chances of exceptional survival as large as two or three times can be linked to early-life circumstances, such as mother's age at person's birth, person's birth order, birth place within the United States, and family socioeconomic background. The plasticity of exceptional longevity in response to early-life living conditions indicates that environmental and behavioral factors cannot be overlooked in longevity studies. Even the search for "human longevity genes" could be facilitated when powerful confounding effects of childhood environment are taken into account. This project therefore proposes to explore the effects of early-life living conditions, adult physical characteristics, marriage, and reproductive history on exceptional longevity, and will test a number of related biomedical and social hypotheses. The project is designed as an interdisciplinary study of exceptional human longevity. To contribute to the research infrastructure for subsequent longevity studies world-wide, the P.I. will also develop a database with integrated, matched information on longevity predictor variables, and make it available to the research community on the Internet. The project will allow establishing scientific collaboration of the Center on Aging, NORC/University of Chicago with researchers at the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Utah, and the University of Wisconsin-Madison to study the biodemography of exceptional longevity in an interdisciplinary context.

美国特殊寿命的生物人口统计学抽象的该项目建议调查为什么有些人设法生存到极端的年龄（100多年）和特殊寿命的生物学和社会关系是什么？这些不仅是人口统计学预测人类死亡率和人口衰老，以及对医疗保健和养老金支出，但也用于提高我们对人类基本机制的理解衰老和长寿。该项目将利用信息技术正在进行的革命人类的寿命研究以检查个人和人口的特殊生存的决定因素级别，使用通过互联网提供的各种美国数据源，包括社会保障行政数据集，人口普查数据，家庭重组和经过验证的家谱和军事草案记录。 P.I.对美国百岁老人的试点研究的最新发现，由芝加哥老龄化中心资助（根据NIA Grant＃P30 AG012857）和精算师协会，这表明了机会的差异与两到三次一样大的生存可以与早期生活相关，例如母亲的情况人的出生年龄，人的出生秩序，美国境内的出生地点和家庭社会经济背景。响应早期生活条件的特殊寿命的可塑性表明在寿命研究中，环境和行为因素不能忽视。甚至寻找人类寿命基因可以促进寿命的童年环境的强大混淆影响考虑到。因此，该项目建议探索早期生活条件，成人身体的影响特征，婚姻和生殖历史具有特殊的寿命，并将测试许多相关的生物医学和社会假设。该项目被设计为对特殊人类的跨学科研究长寿。为了为随后的寿命研究的研究基础设施做出贡献，P.I.也会开发一个数据库，其中包含有关寿命预测变量的集成，匹配的信息，并使之做在互联网上可用于研究社区。该项目将允许建立科学合作 NORC/芝加哥大学衰老中心与宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员犹他大学和威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校，研究了特殊的生物人口统计学在跨学科的环境中长寿。