Biodemography of Exceptional Longevity in the United States

美国超长寿命的生物人口学

基本信息

批准号：
8403702
负责人：
Leonid A. Gavrilov
金额：
$ 22.63万
依托单位：
NATIONAL OPINION RESEARCH CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-01-01 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8403702
关键词：
Accounting Address Adult Age Aging Behavioral Biogenesis Biography Biological Birth Birth Order Birth Place Cancer Grant Supplements (P30)Censuses Centenarian Characteristics Chicago Childhood Collaborations Communicable Diseases Communities Data Data Set Data Sources Databases Demographic Aging Development Disease Elderly Environment Environmental Risk Factor Event Expenditure Family Family Reconstitutions Funding Future Gender Gender Role Genealogy Genetic Goals Health Health Planning Health Policy Healthcare Height Human Impairment Individual Information Technology Interdisciplinary Study Internet Life Life Cycle Stages Link Long-Term Effects Longevity Marriage Measures Memory Military Personnel Mothers Outcome Pennsylvania Pensions Persons Pilot Projects Population Population Projection Privacy Process Public Health Records Reproductive Behavior Reproductive History Research Research Infrastructure Research Personnel Resources Running Sampling Science Series Sex Characteristics Societies Socioeconomic Factors Testing Time United States United States Social Security Administration Universities Utah Wisconsin abstracting aging population biodemography design human mortality improved insight longevity gene male middle age policy implication population health programs response social socioeconomics user-friendly web site young adult

项目摘要

Biodemography of Exceptional Longevity in the United States Abstract This project proposes to investigate why some people manage to survive to extreme old age (100+ years) and what are the biological and social correlates of exceptional longevity. These are important issues not only for demographic forecasts of human mortality and population aging, and the policy implications on health-care and pension expenditures, but also for improving our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of human aging and longevity. The project will take advantage of the ongoing revolution in information technology for human longevity studies to examine the determinants of exceptional survival both on individual and population levels, using a rich variety of the U.S. data sources available through the Internet, including Social Security Administration datasets, Census data, family reconstitutions and validated genealogies, and military draft records. Recent findings from the P.I.'s pilot study of U.S. centenarians, funded by the Chicago Center on Aging (under NIA grant #P30 AG012857) and the Society of Actuaries, suggest that differences in chances of exceptional survival as large as two or three times can be linked to early-life circumstances, such as mother's age at person's birth, person's birth order, birth place within the United States, and family socioeconomic background. The plasticity of exceptional longevity in response to early-life living conditions indicates that environmental and behavioral factors cannot be overlooked in longevity studies. Even the search for "human longevity genes" could be facilitated when powerful confounding effects of childhood environment are taken into account. This project therefore proposes to explore the effects of early-life living conditions, adult physical characteristics, marriage, and reproductive history on exceptional longevity, and will test a number of related biomedical and social hypotheses. The project is designed as an interdisciplinary study of exceptional human longevity. To contribute to the research infrastructure for subsequent longevity studies world-wide, the P.I. will also develop a database with integrated, matched information on longevity predictor variables, and make it available to the research community on the Internet. The project will allow establishing scientific collaboration of the Center on Aging, NORC/University of Chicago with researchers at the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Utah, and the University of Wisconsin-Madison to study the biodemography of exceptional longevity in an interdisciplinary context.

美国超长寿命的生物人口学抽象的该项目旨在调查为什么有些人能够活到高龄（100 岁以上）以及超长寿命的生物和社会关联是什么？这些问题不仅对于人类死亡率和人口老龄化的人口预测，以及对医疗保健和人口老龄化的政策影响养老金支出，而且还可以提高我们对人类基本机制的理解衰老和长寿。该项目将利用正在进行的信息技术革命人类长寿研究，探讨个人和群体异常生存的决定因素水平，使用通过互联网提供的各种美国数据源，包括社会保障行政数据集、人口普查数据、家庭重组和经过验证的家谱以及兵役记录。由芝加哥老龄化中心资助的 P.I. 对美国百岁老人试点研究的最新发现（根据 NIA 拨款#P30 AG012857）和精算师协会，表明机会的差异两到三倍的异常生存可能与早年生活环境有关，例如母亲的经历个人出生年龄、个人出生顺序、美国境内的出生地点以及家庭社会经济状况背景。超长寿命对早年生活条件的可塑性表明：在长寿研究中，环境和行为因素不容忽视。就连寻找“人类” 当童年环境的强大混杂效应被考虑在内时，“长寿基因”可能会得到促进考虑到。因此，该项目建议探索早期生活条件、成年身体状况的影响特征、婚姻和生育史对超长寿命的影响，并将测试一些相关的生物医学和社会假设。该项目旨在作为对杰出人类的跨学科研究长寿。为了为全球随后的长寿研究的研究基础设施做出贡献，P.I.也会开发一个包含有关长寿预测变量的集成、匹配信息的数据库，并使其互联网上的研究团体可以使用。该项目将允许建立科学合作 NORC/芝加哥大学老龄化中心与宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员合作，犹他大学和威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校研究特殊群体的生物人口学在跨学科背景下的长寿。