Project 6: PAHs in Highly Exposed Populations: Composition, Exposure and

项目 6：高度暴露人群中的多环芳烃：成分、暴露和

基本信息

批准号：
8375921
负责人：
Staci L Simonich
金额：
$ 32.04万
依托单位：
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-04-01 至 2013-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8375921
关键词：
Aerosols Age Aging Air American Indians Americas Area Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons Asia Asians Binding Biological Assay Biomass Burn injury China Chinese People Coal Collaborations Communities Complex Data Deposition Devices Dust Environmental Exposure Event Exposure to Health Heating Home environment Human In Situ Incidence Indian reservation Japan Laboratories Letters Link Location Malignant Neoplasms Malignant neoplasm of lung Mass Spectrum Analysis Measurable Measurement Measures Monitor Nature Online Systems Oregon Pacific Northwest Pacific Ocean Participant Particle Size Particulate Matter Pollution Population Power Plants Reaction Relative (related person)Research Resolution Risk Risk Assessment Sampling Series Simulate Site Smoking Source Technology Testing Time Toxic Environmental Substances Training Tribes Universities Urine Woman Writing aged air sampling base cooking diaries experience global environment improved insight men metropolitan mortality new technology novel planetary Atmosphere tribal member urinary

项目摘要

Both Chinese and American Indian populations are exposed to high levels of complex, environmental PAH mixtures and lung cancer mortality rates have increased in both populations in recent years. The complex PAH mixtures these populations are exposed to remain poorly characterized and this is a major limitation in risk assessment. Due to the rapid increase in coal-fired power plants, China is the largest, and exponentially growing, emitter of mutagenic, particulate matter (PM)-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the world. The issue extends beyond local exposure because trans-Pacific atmospheric transport of these PAHs to the U.S. occurs in as little as 5 days. We hypothesize that 1) Chinese and American Indian populations are exposed to high concentrations of different complex environmental PAH mixtures; 2) nitro and oxy-PAHs are formed on Asian PM in transit to the U.S.; and 3) Asian PM results in a measurable increase in the mutagenicity of PM in the western U.S. Our monitoring of trans-Pacific transport offers a unique opportunity to test these hypotheses on a global scale. Our first specific aim will measure the PM-bound PAH composition and exposure to nonsmoking Chinese in the Beijing-Tianjin metropolitan area and American Indian men and women on the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) using personal air sampling and novel assays of urinary metabolites. Our second specific aim will measure the aging of Asian PM in situ in the atmosphere and in the laboratory. This will be accomplished using a series of monitoring sites from Beijing, China to Okinawa, Japan to Mt. Bachelor and Portland, Oregon and the CTUIR and comparing the results to simulated atmospheric aging in a laboratory reactor. Such studies have never been conducted before. Our third specific aim will measure the mutagenicity of the different types of PM collected and link this information to Chinese and American Indian PAH exposure. These data will be of great value for improving estimates of the human health impact of PAHs on highly exposed populations. Novel urinary metabolites will be investigated in collaboration with Cores C and D and air mass trajectories and measurements will be incorporated into a web-based GIS platform that will be used by state and federal agencies in collaboration with Core B. American Indian tribal capacity will be strengthened by transferring air sampling technology to and training tribal members in collaboration with Core E.

近年来，中国和美洲印第安人的人口均暴露于高水平的复杂，环境PAH混合物和肺癌死亡率的率都增加了。这些人群的复杂混合物的表征仍然很差，这是风险评估的主要限制。由于燃煤发电厂的迅速增加，中国是世界上最大的，诱变的颗粒物（PM）结合的多环芳烃（PH）的发射极。该问题超出了局部暴露范围，因为这些PAH向美国的跨太平洋大气运输发生在短短5天之内。我们假设1）中国和美洲印第安人的人口暴露于高浓度的不同复杂的环境PAH混合物； 2）在到美国的运输中，在亚洲PM上形成了硝基和氧PAH； 3）亚洲PM导致美国西部PM诱变性的可衡量增加，我们对跨太平洋运输的监测为在全球范围内测试这些假设提供了独特的机会。我们的第一个具体目的将在北京-Tianjin Metropolitan地区衡量PM结束的PAH组成，并使用个人空气采样和新颖的尿代代谢物分析，并在Umatilla Indian Reseration（CTUIR）的同盟部落中暴露于中国人和美洲印第安人的男性和女性。我们的第二个特定目标将衡量大气和实验室中亚洲PM的老化。这将使用一系列从中国北京到日本冲绳的监测站点，俄勒冈州山和波特兰，俄勒冈州和CTUIR，并将结果与实验室反应堆中的模拟大气老化进行比较。这样的研究以前从未进行过。我们的第三个特定目标将衡量所收集的不同类型的PM的诱变性，并将这些信息与中国和美洲印第安人PAH的暴露联系起来。这些数据对于改善对PAH对高度暴露人群的人类健康影响的估计将具有很大的价值。新型的尿尿代谢物将与核心C和D一起研究，并将空气质量轨迹合作，测量结果将纳入一个基于网络的GIS平台中，该平台将与州和联邦机构一起与Core B合作使用。