Role of air pollution and socioeconomic position on cognitive function over six years in the United States

美国六年来空气污染和社会经济地位对认知功能的影响

• 批准号: 9760812
• 负责人: Kristina Van Dang
• 金额: $ 4.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9760812
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adverse effects; Aerosols; Affect; Age; Aging; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Alzheimer' s Disease; Area; Biological; Blood Vessels; Brain; Censuses; Chronic Disease; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Data; Data Set; Data Sources; Decision Making; Dementia; Development; Disadvantaged; Disease; Education; Elderly; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Policy; Environmental Risk Factor; Event; Exposure to; Financial Hardship; Functional disorder; Geography; Goals; Health; Healthcare; Impaired cognition; Income; Individual; Inflammation; Joints; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Masks; Measures; Medicare; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Nerve Degeneration; Neuraxis; Neurocognitive; Older Population; Optics; Outcome; Oxidative Stress; Participant; Pathology; Patients; Persons; Policies; Population; Population Decreases; Prevention; Psychosocial Stress; Public Health; Publishing; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Proposals; Research Training; Resolution; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Shapes; Socioeconomic Status; Statistical Methods; Stroke; Testing; Time; Tissues; Toxic Environmental Substances; Toxicant exposure; Training; United States; care burden; career; cognitive function; cognitive testing; cohort; dementia risk; epidemiology study; experience; follow-up; innovation; insight; low socioeconomic status; modifiable risk; multilevel analysis; neurotoxicity; novel; residence; skills; social; social health determinants; technological innovation; trend

PROJECT SUMMARY (ABSTRACT) Alzheimer's Disease and related disorders represent a huge public health and health care burden, prompting innovative research of modifiable risk factors. The search for modifiable predictors of dementia has turned towards environmental exposures. Prior research suggests air pollution accelerates cognitive decline in older populations. But this research has major gaps. Few studies have used longitudinal measures, nor have they been nationally-representative. Additionally, there's an urgent need for studies that more comprehensively account for socioeconomic position (SEP). While it is known that cognitive outcomes vary by SEP, the joint effect of air pollution and SEP remains largely unknown. Our study proposes to explore the impact of air pollution (PM2.5) on cognitive decline, and the potential for interaction between air pollution and SEP. Air pollution exposure varies by SEP; more disadvantaged individuals are exposed to more air pollution. Accounting for SEP is important when evaluating the effects of air pollution on cognition. Further, we believe that the effect of air pollution on cognition outcomes is different for those with high SEP compared to those with lower SEP. I'm submitting my proposal for consideration in order to support my dissertation research, with the overall goal of furthering study of environmental and social determinants of cognitive aging and dementia. The overall objective of this application is to determine if and how air pollution and SEP influence cognitive decline. My specific aims are as follows: Aim 1 assesses the relationship between air pollution and cognitive level and decline in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). Started in 2011, NHATS follows a nationally-representative population of Medicare patients 65 years and older, with annual, in-person cognitive assessments. By linking aerosol optical depth models estimating air pollution to individual-level NHATS data, we can model long-term exposure to PM2.5 among NHATS participants. Aim 2 examines the joint effect of air pollution and SEP on cognitive level and decline in NHATS. SEP will be measured as education, income, financial strain, and neighborhood-SEP. Advanced statistical methods, including multi-level modeling of individual and census-tract level change, will provide a strong basis for understanding effects of air pollution on cognitive aging. This study presents a timely opportunity to contribute to emerging literature on how environmental and social exposures interact to shape cognitive function over time in older adults. Because policy reforms can potentially target either or both environmental and social factors, the findings of this research proposal can inform decision-making, benefitting those most likely affected. With the support of my terrific mentorship team— experts in cognitive aging and dementia, social determinants of health, and air pollution exposure—this proposal will contribute to predictors of cognitive aging research, and enhance skills required for me to further this area in subsequent research.

项目摘要（摘要） 阿尔茨海默氏病和相关疾病代表了巨大的公共卫生和医疗保健伯恩，促使 可修改风险因素的创新研究。搜索痴呆症的可修改预测因子已经转变 面向环境暴露。先前的研究表明，空气污染加速了老年人的认知能力下降 人群。但是这项研究有很大的差距。很少有研究使用纵向措施，也没有 是全国代表性的。此外，迫切需要进行更全面的研究 解释社会经济地位（SEP）。虽然众所周知，认知结果因SEP而异 空气污染和SEP的影响在很大程度上未知。我们的研究建议探索空气的影响 关于认知能力下降的污染（PM2.5），以及空气污染与SEP之间相互作用的潜力。 空气污染暴露于SEP；较不利的人会受到更多空气污染。 在评估空气污染对认知的影响时，对SEP的核算很重要。此外，我们相信 与患有较高SEP的人相比，空气污染对认知结果的影响是不同的 较低的sep。我正在提交我的建议以支持我的论文研究， 进一步研究对环境和社会确定认知衰老和痴呆症的总体目标。 该应用的总体目的是确定空气污染是否以及如何影响认知 衰退。我的具体目的如下：AIM 1评估空气污染与认知之间的关系 国家健康和衰老趋势研究（NHATS）的水平和下降。 NHATS始于2011年，遵循 全国代表性的医疗保险患者人口65岁及以上，年度面对面认知 评估。通过将估计空气污染估算到个别级别NHATS数据的气溶胶光学深度模型 我们可以在NHATS参与者中对长期接触PM2.5进行建模。 AIM 2考试空气的联合作用 NHAT的认知水平和下降的污染和SEP。 9月将衡量为教育，收入， 财务压力和邻里销售。高级统计方法，包括 个人和人口普查级别的变化将为理解空气污染的影响提供强大的基础 认知衰老。 这项研究提供了及时的机会，为环境和社会的新兴文献做出贡献 在老年人中，曝光相互作用以随着时间的流逝而形成认知功能。因为政策改革可能有可能 针对环境和社会因素，本研究建议的发现可以告知 决策，使最有可能受到影响的人受益。在我出色的Mentalship团队的支持下 - 认知衰老和痴呆症的专家，健康的社会决定者以及空气污染的暴露 - 提案将有助于认知衰老研究的预测指标，并提高我进一步的技能 随后的研究中的该领域。