EFFECTS OF PRENATAL EXPOSURE TO NICOTINE ON PRIMATE LUNG DEVELOPMENT

产前接触尼古丁对灵长类动物肺部发育的影响

• 批准号: 8173174
• 负责人: ELIOT R SPINDEL
• 金额: $ 9.51万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8173174
• 关键词: Child; Chronic; Clinical; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Data; Disease; Exposure to; Fetal Growth Retardation; Fibrinogen; Funding; Grant; Incidence; Infant; Institution; Intervention; Lead; Lung; Lung diseases; Macaca mulatta; Molecular; Molecular Analysis; Monkeys; Mothers; Nicotine; Nicotinic Receptors; Pregnancy; Primates; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Respiratory physiology; Smoke; Smoking; Source; Sudden infant death syndrome; United States National Institutes of Health; Woman; base; fetal; fetal tobacco exposure; lung development; maternal cigarette smoking; offspring; premature; prenatal exposure; prevent; programs; pulmonary function; smoking cessation

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Maternal smoking is the major preventable cause of intrauterine growth retardation and prematurity. Recent evidence shows that developing lung is also highly sensitive to maternal smoking and that smoking during pregnancy leads to decreased lung function, increased respiratory diseases and increased incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in the offspring. Given that every year more than 400,000 infants in the US alone are born to women who smoked during pregnancy, it is of major importance to find ways to prevent those changes. Our data shows that nicotine is one of the factors responsible for the changes in pulmonary function present in children born to smoking mothers. In this project, rhesus monkeys are used to characterize the effects of chronic exposure to low levels of nicotine throughout pregnancy on lung development and function. The purposes of this project are to 1) characterize the molecular basis for nicotine's actions by determining how nicotine effects the functioning of nicotinic receptors in fetal monkey lung; 2) characterize the effect of fetal nicotine exposure on lung development by functional, morphometric, immunohistochemical and molecular analysis; and 3) develop ways to block the effects of nicotine on lung development that can lead to clinical interventions that can be combined with vigorous smoking cessation programs in pregnant smokers in order to help the offspring of smoking mothers. Progress this year has identified new molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of nicotine that may be broadly applicable to smoking-induced disease.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心来说，它不一定是研究者的机构。 母亲吸烟是导致胎儿宫内发育迟缓和早产的主要可预防原因。 最近的证据表明，发育中的肺部对母亲吸烟也高度敏感，怀孕期间吸烟会导致肺功能下降、呼吸系统疾病增加以及后代婴儿猝死综合症（SIDS）的发生率增加。 鉴于每年仅在美国就有超过 400,000 名婴儿是由怀孕期间吸烟的妇女所生，因此找到防止这些变化的方法至关重要。 我们的数据显示，尼古丁是导致吸烟母亲所生孩子肺功能变化的因素之一。在该项目中，恒河猴被用来表征整个怀孕期间长期接触低水平尼古丁对肺发育和功能的影响。 该项目的目的是 1) 通过确定尼古丁如何影响胎猴肺中烟碱受体的功能来表征尼古丁作用的分子基础； 2) 通过功能、形态测量、免疫组织化学和分子分析来表征胎儿尼古丁暴露对肺发育的影响； 3）开发阻止尼古丁对肺部发育影响的方法，从而采取临床干预措施，与怀孕吸烟者的大力戒烟计划相结合，以帮助吸烟母亲的后代。 今年的进展已经确定了尼古丁作用的新分子机制，可能广泛适用于吸烟引起的疾病。