Perinatal risk factors and genetic susceptibility for childhood psychopathology

儿童精神病理学的围产期危险因素和遗传易感性

• 批准号: 8012359
• 负责人: Yoko Nomura
• 金额: $ 10.8万
• 依托单位: QUEENS COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-11-23 至 2012-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8012359
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; Age; Amniocentesis; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Birth; Birth Weight; Characteristics; Child; Child Development; Childhood; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Communities; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Development; Diagnostic; Discipline; Disease; Disruptive Behavior Disorder; Drops; Educational process of instructing; Emotional; Enrollment; Environment; Epidemiologic Studies; Etiology; Exhibits; Family; Follow-Up Studies; Fright; Future; Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Goals; Heritability; Hyperactive behavior; Impairment; Incidence; Infant Mortality; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; K-Series Research Career Programs; Learning; Length; Life Cycle Stages; Longitudinal Studies; Low Birth Weight Infant; Measures; Medicine; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Mothers; Neonatal Intensive Care; Neonatal Intensive Care Units; Neonatal Mortality; New England; Outcome; Panic Disorder; Pathway interactions; Perinatal; Perinatal Epidemiology; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Premature Birth; Problem behavior; Psychiatry; Psychopathology; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Schools; Scientist; Social Phobia; Societies; Structure; Survivors; Technology; Testing; Training; Training Activity; Training Programs; Ultrasonography; Work; base; cohort; cost; depression; design; early childhood; effective intervention; epidemiological model; experience; fetal; high school; improved; in utero; inattention; modifiable risk; mortality; multidisciplinary; outcome forecast; prenatal; programs; psychogenetics; psychologic; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One remarkable recent advance in psychiatry is the recognition that mental health problems can originate in utero. Research in developmental psychopathology has shown that preterm birth (PTB) is associated with a 2- to 3-fold increased risk of both disruptive behavior and anxiety disorders. However, no prior studies have examined why PTB is associated with a wide range of childhood disorders. Furthermore, few studies have integrated models based on research in perinatal epidemiology and psychiatric genetics to understand the trajectory of developmental psychopathology. The purpose of this Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) is to support the development of the candidate to an independent scientist, whose work will be devoted to the examination of perinatal problems that are related to modifiable prenatal predictors of mental illness, taking into account genetic influences. To achieve this goal, in this revised application, the candidate has strengthened her multidisciplinary group of mentors reflecting a more focused program of research. They will teach her specific methods for studying fetal/child development and psychiatric genetics, and monitor her coursework. For the candidate to have a successful integration of apparently disparate disciplines, plans for the team of mentors to monitor and review the candidate's progress have been put in place. As suggested in the previous set of reviews, the research plan was significantly refined and simplified to test two competing hypotheses: (1) that different causes of PTB independently influence the risk of disruptive and anxiety disorders; and (2) that PTB, regardless of its cause, interacts with genetic susceptibility to directly increase the risk for each disorder. The research plan proposes a program of research comprised two related studies: 1) a longitudinal epidemiologic study of 2,022 children (Study 1) who were enrolled in the National Collaborative Perinatal Study - NewEngland and followed into adulthood and 2) a longitudinal study of 225 children at high and low risk for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Study2). Additionally, retrospective data collection of early developmental environment during pregnancy from mothers is included, where the candidate will collect her own data to test her hypotheses maximizing the infrastructure available in Study 2. This research has significant public health implications. First, it will help elucidate the developmental, biological, and genetic pathways through which childhood disorders develop. Subsequent identification of very early modifiable risk factors for childhood disorders will create new possibilities for earlier and more effective interventions. That may help relieve the burden in families with young children who have developmental psychopathology as well as providing new possibilities for treatment of the children themselves. Together, the research and training program are central to the candidate's transition to independence as an investigator and will contribute greatly to our understanding of modifiable risk factors for disruptive and anxiety disorders for future interventions.

描述（由申请人提供）：精神病学最近的一项显着进展是认识到心理健康问题可能起源于子宫内。发展精神病理学研究表明，早产 (PTB) 与破坏性行为和焦虑症的风险增加 2 至 3 倍相关。然而，之前没有研究探讨为什么 PTB 与多种儿童期疾病相关。此外，很少有研究整合基于围产期流行病学和精神遗传学研究的模型来了解发育精神病理学的轨迹。指导研究科学家发展奖（K01）的目的是支持候选人发展成为一名独立科学家，其工作将致力于检查与精神疾病的可修改产前预测因子相关的围产期问题，同时考虑到遗传影响。为了实现这一目标，在修订后的申请中，候选人加强了她的多学科导师小组，反映了更有针对性的研究计划。他们将教她研究胎儿/儿童发育和精神遗传学的具体方法，并监督她的课程作业。为了使候选人能够成功地整合明显不同的学科，导师团队监控和审查候选人进展的计划已经到位。正如前一组综述中所建议的，该研究计划得到了显着的细化和简化，以测试两个相互竞争的假设：(1) PTB 的不同原因独立影响破坏性障碍和焦虑症的风险； (2) PTB，无论其原因如何，都会与遗传易感性相互作用，直接增加每种疾病的风险。该研究计划提出了一项由两项相关研究组成的研究计划：1) 对 2,022 名儿童进行的纵向流行病学研究（研究 1），这些儿童参加了新英格兰国家围产期合作研究并跟踪至成年；2) 对 225 名儿童进行的纵向研究注意力缺陷多动障碍的高风险和低风险（Study2）。此外，还包括从母亲那里收集怀孕期间早期发育环境的回顾性数据，候选人将收集自己的数据来测试她的假设，最大限度地利用研究 2 中可用的基础设施。这项研究具有重大的公共卫生影响。首先，它将有助于阐明儿童疾病发生的发育、生物学和遗传途径。随后识别儿童疾病的早期可改变危险因素将为更早、更有效的干预措施创造新的可能性。这可能有助于减轻有患有发展性精神病理学儿童的家庭的负担，并为儿童本身的治疗提供新的可能性。总之，研究和培训计划对于候选人向独立研究者的过渡至关重要，并将极大地有助于我们了解破坏性障碍和焦虑症的可改变风险因素，以便进行未来的干预。