Integrative Neurobiology of Social Processes

社会过程的综合神经生物学

• 批准号: 8292966
• 负责人: S MARC BREEDLOVE
• 金额: $ 12.73万
• 依托单位: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8292966
• 关键词: Neurobiology; Process; social

See instructions): In the wake of the successes in molecular biology, revealing information packed in the genome, behavioral scientists face the daunting task of integrating molecular events into the context of the whole organism, a challenge intensified by growing awareness that the behavior of one individual is exquisitely sensitive to the behaviors of others. Thus to understand the chain of events by which molecular events affect behavior we must not only place those events in the context of a single individual,but also in the context ofindividuals interacting with one another. Including this social sphere into our understanding will be crucial if we are ever to understand human behavioral disorders, since the most common of these (depression, schizophrenia, drug abuse) are very sensitive to the social environment. We propose interdisciplinary training of investigators to consider behavior from multiple levels of analysis, from molecular and cellular events to behavioral outcomes in a social context. Because social interactions can be tremendously complex, we must select models in both traditional and non-traditional species to take advantage of those specific influences of one individualupon the brain and behavior of another. As examples, we study: social learning of song in zebra finches; maternal stimulation of neonates in rats, mice, and voles; dominance hierarchies in spotted hyenas; social modulation of puberty in rats, Syrian hamsters and Siberian hamsters; as well as mating behaviors in a variety of vertebrates. Most of these models also reflect the influence of hormones upon neural structure and behavior because hormones mediate many social signals, and because hormones affect myriad targets in the body, including the brain, to coordinate social behavior. These hormone-sensitive systems permit us to study molecular events, too: secretion of specific hormones, activation of hormone receptor proteins, hormonal modulation of gene expression in the nervous system, nuclear co-factor proteins regulating hormone responsiveness, environmental contaminants altering reproductive behavior, brain peptides regulating parental behaviors, among others. This integration of information, from molecular to social events and back again, must be accomplished for any satisfying understandingof behavior. We have assembled a unique program to train the next generation of researchers to tackle the challenge of studying the contextual determinants of behavior. RELEVANCE (See instructions): We will train graduate students and postdoctoral fellows in the organismal biology of social processes, which are crucial to human health. By exploring hormonal and genetic influences on social behaviors in humans and other species, we hope to gain a better understanding of disorders such as autism, ADHD, anorexia and schizophrenia, as well as societal issues such as aggression and parental behavior.

参见说明）： 随着分子生物学的成功，揭示了基因组中包含的信息，行为 科学家们面临着一项艰巨的任务，即将分子事件整合到整个有机体的背景中， 随着人们越来越意识到一个人的行为对周围环境极其敏感，这一挑战变得更加严峻。 他人的行为。因此，为了了解分子事件影响行为的事件链，我们 不仅必须将这些事件置于单个个体的背景中，而且还必须将其置于个体的背景中 彼此互动。如果我们能够将这一社会领域纳入我们的理解中，这一点至关重要。 了解人类行为障碍，因为其中最常见的是（抑郁症、精神分裂症、药物 虐待）对社会环境非常敏感。我们建议对研究人员进行跨学科培训 从分子和细胞事件到行为结果的多个分析层面考虑行为 在社会背景下。由于社交互动可能非常复杂，因此我们必须在这两个方面选择模型 传统和非传统物种利用一个个体的特定影响 另一个人的大脑和行为。作为例子，我们研究： 斑胸草雀的歌曲社会学习；母亲的 对大鼠、小鼠和田鼠的新生儿的刺激；斑鬣狗的优势等级；社会调节 大鼠、叙利亚仓鼠和西伯利亚仓鼠的青春期；以及各种交配行为 脊椎动物。大多数这些模型也反映了激素对神经结构和行为的影响 因为激素介导许多社会信号，并且因为激素影响体内的无数目标， 包括大脑，以协调社会行为。这些激素敏感系统使我们能够研究 分子事件也是如此：特定激素的分泌、激素受体蛋白的激活、激素 神经系统基因表达的调节，核辅因子蛋白调节激素 反应能力、改变生殖行为的环境污染物、调节亲代的脑肽 行为等。这种信息整合，从分子到社会事件，然后再返回， 必须完成才能对行为有任何令人满意的理解。我们制定了一个独特的计划 培训下一代研究人员应对研究环境决定因素的挑战 行为。 相关性（参见说明）： 我们将培训社会过程有机生物学方面的研究生和博士后研究员， 对人类健康至关重要。通过探索荷尔蒙和遗传对人类社会行为的影响 和其他物种一样，我们希望更好地了解自闭症、多动症、厌食症等疾病 精神分裂症，以及攻击性和父母行为等社会问题。