Integrative Neurobiology of Social Processes

社会过程的综合神经生物学

• 批准号: 8089452
• 负责人: S MARC BREEDLOVE
• 金额: $ 10.47万
• 依托单位: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8089452
• 关键词: Neurobiology; Process; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In the wake of the successes in molecular biology, revealing information packed in the genome, behavioral scientists face the daunting task of integrating molecular events into the context of the whole organism, a challenge intensified by growing awareness that the behavior of one individual is exquisitely sensitive to the behaviors of others. Thus to understand the chain of events by which molecular events affect behavior we must not only place those events in the context of a single individual, but also in the context of individuals interacting with one another. Including this social sphere into our understanding will be crucial if we are ever to understand human behavioral disorders, since the most common of these (depression, schizophrenia, and drug abuse) are very sensitive to the social environment. We propose interdisciplinary training of investigators to consider behavior from multiple levels of analysis, from molecular and cellular events to behavioral outcomes in a social context. Because social interactions can be tremendously complex, we must select models in both traditional and non-traditional species to take advantage of those specific influences of one individual upon the brain and behavior of another. As examples, we study: social learning of song in zebra finches; maternal stimulation of neonates in rats, mice, and voles; dominance hierarchies in spotted hyenas; social modulation of puberty in rats, Syrian hamsters and Siberian hamsters; as well as mating behaviors in a variety of vertebrates. Most of these models also reflect the influence of hormones upon neural structure and behavior because hormones mediate many social signals, and because hormones affect myriad targets in the body, including the brain, to coordinate social behavior. These hormone-sensitive systems permit us to study molecular events, too: secretion of specific hormones, activation of hormone receptor proteins, hormonal modulation of gene expression in the nervous system, nuclear co-factor proteins regulating hormone responsiveness, environmental contaminants altering reproductive behavior, brain peptides regulating parental behaviors, among others. This integration of information, from molecular to social events and back again, must be accomplished for any satisfying understanding of behavior. We have assembled a unique program to train the next generation of researchers to tackle the challenge of studying the contextual determinants of behavior. We will train graduate students and postdoctoral fellows in the organismal biology of social processes, which are crucial to human health. By exploring hormonal and genetic influences on social behaviors in humans and other species, we hope to gain a better understanding of disorders such as autism, ADHD, anorexia and schizophrenia, as well as societal issues such as aggression and parental behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：在分子生物学的成功之后，揭示了基因组中包装的信息，行为科学家面临着将分子事件整合到整个生物体的背景下的艰巨任务，这一挑战是，人们越来越认识到，一个人的行为对他人的行为非常敏感。因此，要了解分子事件影响行为的事件链，我们不仅必须将这些事件放在一个人的背景下，而且还必须在个人相互作用的背景下。如果我们要了解人类的行为障碍，将这个社会领域包括在我们的理解中至关重要，因为其中最常见的（抑郁症，精神分裂症和吸毒）对社会环境非常敏感。我们建议对研究人员进行跨学科培训，以考虑从分子和细胞事件到社会背景下的行为结果的多个分析的行为。由于社交互动可能非常复杂，因此我们必须选择传统和非传统物种中的模型，以利用一个人对大脑和另一个人的行为的特定影响。作为示例，我们研究：斑马雀科中歌曲的社会学习；大鼠，小鼠和田鼠的新生儿的孕产妇刺激；发现鬣狗的主导地位；大鼠，叙利亚仓鼠和西伯利亚仓鼠的青春期的社会调节；以及各种脊椎动物的交配行为。这些模型中的大多数还反映了激素对神经结构和行为的影响，因为激素介导了许多社会信号，并且激素会影响包括大脑在内的体内无数靶标，以协调社会行为。这些激素敏感的系统也允许我们研究分子事件：特定激素的分泌，激素受体蛋白的激活，神经系统中基因表达的激素调节，核共产量蛋白调节激素蛋白来调节激素的反应性，环境污染物，改变生殖行为的环境污染物，改变生殖行为，脑肽调节脱甲释放行为。从分子到社交事件并再次返回的信息整合，必须实现任何满足对行为的理解。我们已经组建了一个独特的计划，以培训下一代研究人员，以应对研究行为上下文决定因素的挑战。 我们将在社会过程的生物学生物学中培训研究生和博士后研究员，这对于人类健康至关重要。通过探索荷尔蒙和遗传对人类和其他物种的社会行为的影响，我们希望对自闭症，多动症，厌食症和精神分裂症等疾病有更好的了解，以及侵略性和父母行为等社会问题。