Synaptic plasticity underlying vocal learning

声音学习的突触可塑性

• 批准号: 8203108
• 负责人: Mark Nathaniel Miller
• 金额: $ 5.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8203108
• 关键词: Accounting; Acoustics; Action Potentials; Acute; Adaptive Behaviors; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Birds; Brain; Cell Nucleus; Chronic; Complex; Cues; Data; Disease; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Hippocampus (Brain); In Vitro; Interneurons; Learning; Measures; Modeling; Motor; Motor Neurons; Movement Disorders; Nature; Neocortex; Nervous system structure; Neurons; Organism; Pattern; Performance; Production; Property; Prosencephalon; Role; Sensory; Shapes; Slice; Songbirds; Structure; Synapses; Synaptic plasticity; Whole-Cell Recordings; awake; bird song; in vitro activity; in vivo; insight; male; motor control; motor learning; nervous system disorder; neural circuit; programs; relating to nervous system; reproductive success; research study; response; transmission process; vocal learning; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sensorimotor learning allows organisms to interact adaptively with their environment, yet a detailed description of how sensory input modifies motor circuitry during learning has not been developed. Since many movement disorders involve dysfunction of motor planning and disruption of learned motor programs, understanding how motor programs are instantiated in motor circuits during learning is essential. Vocal learning in songbirds is a particularly tractable model of sensorimotor learning since birdsong is an ethological and readily quantifiable behavior, and because the neuroanatomical substrates of song production are identified and accessible. Song learning entails the convergence of juvenile song toward a tutor song, and although changes in song are associated with changes in premotor nuclei, the synaptic and cellular plasticity mechanisms underlying song learning remain unknown. This proposal describes experiments that will combine a form of rapid song learning with chronic in vivo electrophysiology in behaving animals to identify patterns of premotor activity that accompany changes in song, and utilize in vitro whole-cell recording and minimal stimulation to identify the synaptic loci and mechanisms of this plasticity. Results from these experiments will provide an integrated and comprehensive account of vocal motor learning, from synaptic plasticity to changes in circuit dynamics to altered vocal behavior, and thereby give broad insight into how the nervous system learns adaptive and complex behaviors. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The experiments in this proposal will elucidate the detailed changes in brain circuitry that underlie learning of a complex motor task. Many neurological disorders involve dysfunction of brain circuits that control motor behavior, and understanding how motor behavior is encoded by neurons in motor circuits would provide important insight into how these circuits produce disrupted behaviors in disease states.

描述（由申请人提供）： 感觉运动学习使生物可以与环境适应性相互作用，但详细描述了感觉输入如何修改学习过程中的运动电路。由于许多运动障碍涉及电动机计划功能障碍和学习型运动计划的破坏，因此了解学习过程中如何在运动电路中实例化运动程序是必不可少的。鸣禽中的声带学习是一种特别可探讨的感觉运动学习模型，因为Birdsong是一种伦理学且易于量化的行为，并且由于神经解剖学的底物被鉴定出来且可访问。歌曲的学习需要少年歌曲与辅导歌曲的融合，尽管歌曲的变化与运动前核的变化有关，但歌曲学习的突触和蜂窝可塑性机制仍然未知。该提案描述了将快速歌曲学习与慢性体内电生理学相结合的实验，以识别伴随歌曲变化的前运动活动的模式，并利用体外的全细胞记录和最小的刺激，以识别这种可塑性的Synaptic intimi和机制。这些实验的结果将为声带学习，从突触可塑性到电路动力学变化到改变的人声行为，从而提供整体而全面的描述，从而为神经系统学习适应性和复杂行为提供了广泛的了解。 公共卫生相关性： 该提案中的实验将阐明脑电路的详细变化，这些变化是学习复杂运动任务的基础。许多神经系统疾病涉及控制运动行为的脑回路功能障碍，并了解运动电路中神经元如何编码运动行为，将为这些电路如何在疾病状态下产生破坏的行为提供重要的见解。