Visual and Vestibular Percepts of Motion

运动的视觉和前庭知觉

• 批准号: 8028612
• 负责人: Benjamin T Crane
• 金额: $ 22.14万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-01 至 2015-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8028612
• 关键词: Acceleration; Acoustic Stimulation; Area; Attention; Bilateral; Caloric Tests; Clinical; Cues; Dependence; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Diagnostic tests; Disabled Persons; Discrimination; Disease; Dizziness; Equipment and supply inventories; Esthesia; Exposure to; External Canal; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Head; Hearing; Human; Human Pathology; Illusions; Individual; Investigation; Irrigation; Laboratories; Lesion; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Migraine; Monitor; Motion; Motion Perception; Movement; Noise; Online Systems; Organ; Pathologic; Pathology; Patients; Perception; Performance; Peripheral; Physicians; Population; Productivity; Psychophysiology; Reflex action; Rehabilitation therapy; Relative (related person); Reporting; Role; Rotation; Screening procedure; Self Perception; Semicircular canal structure; Severities; Side; Source; Speed; Stimulus; Symptoms; System; Systems Integration; Techniques; Test Result; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; Translations; Utricle structure; Vertigo; Vestibular loss; Vision; Visit; Visual; Visual Motion; Weight Perception; Work; Yaws; base; clinical Diagnosis; clinical application; disorder control; falls; handicapping condition; improved; instrument; movie; novel diagnostics; optic flow; otoconia; rehabilitation strategy; research clinical testing; research study; response; sensory system; tool; vestibulo-ocular reflex; visual feedback; visual stimulus; visual-vestibular

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project aims to characterize human motion perception as mediated by vision, vestibular system, and the interactions between them. The project is divided into 3 main areas: vestibular perception, visual-vestibular interaction, and visual motion perception. The vestibular perception component will focus on determination of translation, heading perception, and rotation in normal controls and individuals with unilateral and bilateral peripheral vestibular lesions in the absence of visual cues. Differences in these populations may provide better understanding of vestibular sensitivity, including potential direction biases in sensitivity in those with unilateral lesions and form the basis of future diagnostic testing. Subjects with bilateral vestibular loss may provide clues to the roll of somatic sensation on motion perception. Vision has a significant role in motion perception, and patient's dizziness symptoms can result from derangements in integration of vision and vestibular cues. The most simple interaction between visual and vestibular perception occurs during rotation near the perceptual threshold in the presence of a visible, head fixed object. Paradoxically, in this situation a visible object has been shown to decrease the motion perception threshold. We plan to study this effect with moving objects and in individuals with known pathology in the visual-vestibular integration system such as occurs in migraine associated vertigo (MAV). Using this paradigm we also plan to explore perceptual differences between self and external rotation. We also plan to study the roles visual-vestibular interaction during translation using optic flow with motion to determine heading perception, in normal controls, MAV, and vestibulopathy subjects. Through these experiments we hope to quantify the influences of vision and vestibular senses on motion perception, and how the relative importance of these influences changes in pathological states. Many prior perceptual studies have used 2-alterative forced choice (2AFC) paradigms which are scientifically rigorous, but time consuming. Potential short cuts 2AFC that will speed testing and allow possible clinical applications will be explored. Dizziness in response to visual motion such as panning of the scene on a movie screen or looking out the side window of a moving vehicle is a disorienting source of dizziness complaints in MAV patients which often limits their daily activities. We plan to investigate the potential for visual motion as a diagnostic and rehabilitation strategy in these subjects. Using a specially developed web-based application, control and MAV subjects will complete a subjective visual vertical (SVV) task. The effect of background motion will be determined as well as tolerance to the stimuli. Subjects will regularly use the application over time while periodically reporting their dizziness symptoms using validated clinical instruments. The potential diagnostic value of the task, its correlation with symptom severity, and potential as a rehabilitation strategy will be investigated. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Disorders of the vestibular system are a common source of doctor's visits and can be the source of lost work productivity and falls. These disorders are often not correctly diagnosed or treated due to poor understanding and limitations in current diagnostic testing. This proposal aims to improve understanding of these disorders and explore new diagnostic and rehabilitation strategies.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目旨在表征由视觉、前庭系统以及它们之间的相互作用介导的人类运动感知。该项目分为 3 个主要领域：前庭感知、视觉前庭交互和视觉运动感知。前庭感知部分将重点关注正常对照和单侧和双侧外周前庭病变个体在没有视觉提示的情况下的平移、航向感知和旋转的确定。这些人群的差异可能有助于更好地了解前庭敏感性，包括单侧病变患者敏感性的潜在方向偏差，并构成未来诊断测试的基础。双侧前庭丧失的受试者可能会提供躯体感觉对运动知觉的影响的线索。视觉在运动感知中起着重要作用，患者的头晕症状可能是由于视觉和前庭线索整合紊乱引起的。视觉和前庭知觉之间最简单的相互作用发生在存在可见的头部固定物体的情况下接近知觉阈值的旋转过程中。矛盾的是，在这种情况下，可见物体已被证明会降低运动感知阈值。我们计划研究移动物体和视觉前庭整合系统已知病理的个体的这种效应，例如偏头痛相关性眩晕（MAV）中发生的情况。使用这种范式，我们还计划探索自我旋转和外部旋转之间的感知差异。我们还计划在正常对照、MAV 和前庭病受试者中研究翻译过程中视觉前庭相互作用的作用，使用光流和运动来确定方向感知。通过这些实验，我们希望量化视觉和前庭感觉对运动感知的影响，以及这些影响的相对重要性如何影响病理状态的变化。许多先前的感知研究都使用了 2-替代强制选择 (2AFC) 范式，该范式在科学上是严谨的，但非常耗时。将探索潜在的捷径 2AFC，以加快测试速度并允许可能的临床应用。对视觉运动（例如平移电影屏幕上的场景或从行驶中的车辆的侧窗向外看）产生的头晕是 MAV 患者头晕主诉的一个令人迷失方向的来源，这通常会限制他们的日常活动。我们计划研究视觉运动作为这些受试者的诊断和康复策略的潜力。使用专门开发的基于网络的应用程序，控制和 MAV 受试者将完成主观视觉垂直 (SVV) 任务。将确定背景运动的效果以及对刺激的耐受性。受试者将随着时间的推移定期使用该应用程序，同时使用经过验证的临床仪器定期报告他们的头晕症状。将调查该任务的潜在诊断价值、其与症状严重程度的相关性以及作为康复策略的潜力。 公共卫生相关性：前庭系统疾病是就诊的常见原因，也可能是导致工作效率下降和跌倒的原因。由于对当前诊断测试的了解不足和局限性，这些疾病往往无法正确诊断或治疗。该提案旨在提高对这些疾病的了解并探索新的诊断和康复策略。