Social Norms and Alcohol Prevention (SNAP)

社会规范和酒精预防 (SNAP)

• 批准号: 8108852
• 负责人: CLAYTON NEIGHBORS
• 金额: $ 62.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-06 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8108852
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Alcohol consumption; Attention; Attitude; Behavior; Computers; Control Groups; Development; Dimensions; Documentation; Experimental Designs; Feedback; Frequencies; Gender; Goals; Grant; Heavy Drinking; Individual; Internet; Intervention; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Participant; Perception; Persons; Population; Prevalence; Process; Progress Reports; Public Health; Randomized; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Research Design; Risk; Role; Social Identification; Students; Surveys; Universities; Washington; Work; alcohol intervention; alcohol misuse; alcohol prevention; base; college; college drinking; college student alcohol abuse; computerized; design; deviant; drinking; follow-up; heavy drinking students; improved; innovation; interest; motivational enhancement therapy; peer; personalized normative feedback; post intervention; programs; provider intervention; reduced alcohol use; research study; social; student drinking; theories; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current application is a final revision of a competing renewal application previously reviewed in March, 2010, which seeks to continue a productive program of research designed to reduce alcohol use and related consequences among college students, using brief computerized feedback to reduce misperceptions of drinking norms (R01 AA012547). Three studies are proposed to evaluate and extend our understanding of social influence based alcohol interventions from the perspective of Social Identity Theory. College students are at increased risk for alcohol misuse compared to other adults, and development of efficacious intervention approaches is an urgent priority. Over the past several years empirical evidence has demonstrated: 1) perceptions of other students' behavior and attitudes about drinking are strongly associated with drinking; 2) students consistently overestimate the prevalence and approval of drinking among their peers; and 3) reducing normative misperceptions can be an effective strategy for reducing drinking. Personalized normative feedback (PNF) is an individualized intervention whereby participants are given feedback regarding their own drinking, their perceptions of other students' drinking, and other students' actual drinking. Findings from our first grant (detailed in the Progress Report) indicate that repeatedly administered gender-specific PNF provided over the Internet was associated with reduced drinking over a two-year follow-up period. The proposed renewal seeks to incorporate relevant theoretical perspectives (e.g., Social Identity Theory (SIT); Deviance Regulation Theory (DRT)) that should advance our understanding of why and for whom these approaches work best. The overarching goal of the proposed research is to improve our understanding of why, for whom, and under what conditions PNF is most efficacious. Following a norms documentation survey at the University of Houston (UH), three studies are proposed to evaluate theoretically and practically innovative critical questions regarding PNF in the context of SIT. We are specifically interested in SIT as it relates to PNF and how differences in students' identity with respect to their University and college peers may impact the efficacy of PNF on alcohol consumption. Study 1 will examine how differences in social identity operate on three diverse campuses: the UH, the University of Washington, and Loyola Marymount University. Study 2 will evaluate hypotheses derived from DRT in the context of PNF and examine the influence of social identity on deviance regulation processes. Finally, in Study 3, social identity will be evaluated as a potential moderator of change by evaluating PNF, based on injunctive norms, delivered in person by computer versus an intervention provider using a motivational interviewing style. This research is expected to yield theoretical and practical improvements to norms based intervention strategies that have the potential to reduce drinking and related negative consequences. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Excessive alcohol consumption among college students continues to be a serious public health concern associated with a wide range of negative consequences. Brief social norms based interventions have shown consistent effects in reducing problematic drinking in this population, but less research has evaluated theories underlying why, for whom, and under what conditions these interventions may be most efficacious. This research aims to reduce problem drinking among college students and to improve social influence based interventions.

描述（由申请人提供）：当前的申请是对先前在2010年3月审查的竞争续订申请的最终修订，该申请旨在继续进行一项旨在减少饮酒和大学生中相关后果的研究计划，并使用简短的计算机反馈来减少对饮酒规范的误解（R01 AA012547）。提出了三项研究，以评估和扩展我们从社会认同理论的角度来评估我们对基于社会影响的酒精干预措施的理解。与其他成年人相比，大学生滥用酒精的风险增加，有效的干预方法的发展是迫切的重中之重。在过去的几年中，经验证据表明：1）对其他学生对饮酒的看法与饮酒密切相关； 2）学生始终高估同龄人中饮酒的普遍性和认可； 3）减少规范性误解可能是减少饮酒的有效策略。个性化的规范反馈（PNF）是一种个性化的干预措施，可以为参与者提供有关自己饮酒的反馈，对其他学生饮酒的看法以及其他学生的实际饮酒。我们的第一笔赠款（进度报告中详细介绍）的发现表明，在互联网上提供的一再管理性别特定的PNF与在两年的随访期内减少饮酒有关。拟议的续约旨在纳入相关的理论观点（例如，社会认同理论（SIT）；偏差调节理论（DRT），这些理论（DRT）应该促进我们对这些方法的理解以及这些方法最有效的理解。拟议的研究的总体目标是提高我们对为什么，在哪种条件下为为什么PNF最有效的理解。经过休斯敦大学（UH）的规范文档调查，提出了三项研究，以在SIT背景下对有关PNF进行理论和实际上创新的关键问题评估。我们对SIT特别感兴趣，因为它与PNF有关，以及学生在大学和大学同龄人方面的差异如何影响PNF对饮酒的功效。研究1将研究社会身份的差异如何在三个不同的校园中运作：UH，华盛顿大学和Loyola Marymount大学。研究2将评估在PNF背景下从DRT得出的假设，并检查社会认同对偏差调节过程的影响。最后，在研究3中，通过根据禁令规范评估PNF，将社会身份评估为变更的潜在主持人，该规范是通过计算机与使用动机访谈风格的干预提供者亲自交付的。预计这项研究将对基于规范的干预策略产生理论和实际改进，这些策略有可能减少饮酒和相关的负面后果。 公共卫生相关性：大学生的饮酒过量仍然是与各种负面后果有关的严重公共卫生问题。简短的基于社会规范的干预措施在减少该人群中饮酒方面的影响一致，但是较少的研究评估了为什么，以及在哪些条件下，这些干预措施可能最有效的理论。这项研究旨在减少大学生之间的饮酒问题，并改善基于社会影响力的干预措施。