New Methods in Basic and Applied Research on Drug Use Risk

吸毒风险基础与应用研究的新方法

基本信息

批准号：
8118068
负责人：
Daniel S Shaw
金额：
$ 12.74万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-09-01 至 2014-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8118068
关键词：
Academic achievement Address Adolescence Adoption Age Age-Months Applied Research Area Attenuated Basic Science Behavior Birth Brain Caring Child Childhood Communities DNA Data Decision Making Development Development Plans Dose Drug usage Environment Evaluation Event Exposure to Family Fathers Feedback Funding Genetic Genetic Risk Goals Grant Growth and Development function HIV High Chair Intervention Knowledge Lead Learning Life Longitudinal Studies Low income Mediating Mentors Methods Molecular Mothers National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institute of Drug Abuse National Institute of Mental Health Neighborhoods Neurosciences Nursery Schools Parent-Child Relations Parenting behavior Parents Participant Pathway interactions Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Population Populations at Risk Prevention Problem behavior Procedures Protocols documentation Psychopathology Questionnaires Randomized Recording of previous events Research Resources Rewards Risk Risk Factors Rural Sampling Schools Services Signal Transduction Site Social Policies System Testing Time Toddler Translating Youth adopted child age group anti social base behavior observation boys career development checkup examination cohort contextual factors design drug abuse prevention early childhood early onset emerging adult experience falls fetal drug exposure follow-up genetic variant group intervention high risk high risk sexual behavior improved infancy intervention program male novel parental involvement peer postnatal prenatal exposure programs satisfaction skills social skills suburb teacher young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed K05 RSA will focus on the following three areas to improve the candidate's career development: 1) learning more about genetics and brain circuitry related to the development of antisocial behavior (AB) and drug use; 2) further developing the use of the Family Check Up intervention for use with different age groups and at-risk populations; and 3) learning more about the interface among research-based intervention programs, community needs, and social policy. Skills acquired from the career development plan should have both short- and long-term applications to the candidate's research. The candidate proposes to conduct four funded programs of research. Program I (NIMH R01-50907) seeks to advance our understanding of the precursors of early- and late-starting pathways of antisocial behavior (AB) by following a cohort of low-income, male youth from ages 1.5 to 18. Program II, the Early Steps - Multisite (ES-M) Project (NIDA R01 016110), is a prevention study targeting family and extra-familial influences in early and middle childhood to reduce risk for early-onset AB, drug use, and HIV risk. Program III, the Parental Involvement and Extra-Familial Contexts Project (NIDA R01 023245), uses families from the ES-M sample to examine the contributions of neighborhood, school, and after-school care contexts in relation to drug use risk during middle childhood, and how parental involvement in these extra-familial settings may attenuate effects of extra-familial risk factors on drug use risk. Program IV represents two studies that have emerged as extensions from the Early Growth and Development Study (EGDS, NICHD R01 12709). Both studies (NICHD R01 042608 & NIDA R01 020585) use an adoption design to examine mechanisms by which genetic factors, prenatal drug exposure, and parent-child relationships influence developmental pathways leading to problem behavior and social competence in early childhood. The purpose of the K05 RSA is to permit the candidate to conduct these four programs of research and broaden his understanding basic and applied issues related to the prevention of drug use risk from early childhood through adolescence.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的K05 RSA将重点关注以下三个领域，以改善候选人的职业发展：1）更多地了解与反社会行为（AB）和毒品使用相关的遗传学和脑电路； 2）进一步开发家庭检查干预措施与不同年龄段和处于危险人群的使用； 3）在基于研究的干预计划，社区需求和社会政策之间了解有关界面的更多信息。从职业发展计划中获得的技能应适用于候选人的研究。候选人建议开展四个资助的研究计划。计划I（NIMH R01-50907）试图通过遵循一群低收入，1.5至18。计划II，早期步骤 - 多场所（ES-M） - 多场所（ES-M）项目（NIDA R01010161110的偏爱和家庭构成的，又有一个针对性的构建，对反社会行为的早期和晚期开始途径（AB）的前体的理解，这降低早发AB，吸毒和HIV风险的风险。计划III，父母的参与和家庭外情境项目（NIDA R01 023245），使用ES-M样本中的家庭来检查与中等儿童期间药物使用风险有关的邻里，学校和课后护理环境的贡献，以及在这些跨族外境内的父母参与可能会导致额外的风险使用额外的风险。 IV计划代表了两项研究，这些研究已作为早期增长和发展研究的扩展（EGD，NICHD R01 12709）。两项研究（NICHD R01 042608＆NIDA R01 020585）都使用采用设计来检查机制，遗传因素，产前药物暴露和亲子关系会影响发育途径，从而影响发育途径，从而导致幼儿的问题行为和社会能力。 K05 RSA的目的是允许候选人进行这四个研究计划，并扩大与预防幼儿期至青春期毒品使用风险有关的基本和应用问题的理解。