Diet and the Adolescent Brain

饮食与青少年大脑

基本信息

批准号：
10705079
负责人：
DAVID C KNIGHT
金额：
$ 18.56万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-15 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10705079
关键词：
Academic achievement Address Adherence Adolescent Adult Affect Age Amygdaloid structure Animal Experimentation Animal Model Anxiety Area Attention Attentional deficit Behavior Behavioral Biological Markers Brain Chemistry Child Child Rearing Chronic Disease Cognition Consumption Data Deterioration Developed Countries Development Diagnosis Diet Dietary Factors Dietary Intervention Education Elderly Emotional Emotions Energy Intake Family Fiber Food Fructose Funding Future Health Food Health behavior Height Hippocampus Hour Human Ice Cream Impairment Intake Intervention Learning Limbic System Link Longitudinal Studies Male Adolescents Measures Mediterranean Diet Memory Mental Depression Middle School Student Neighborhoods Nutrient Nutritional Obesity Omega-3 Fatty Acids Outcome Participant Physical activity Physical aggression Policies Prefrontal Cortex Premature Infant Problem behavior Process Psychosocial Stress Public Health Recommendation Regulation Sampling Science Sleep Sodium Source Structure Students Temperature Weight Youth adolescent brain development behavior change cognitive task cohort data integration density early adolescence eighth grade ethnic diversity fast food food consumption food insecurity fruits and vegetables good diet gray matter gut microbiome improved informant intervention program myelination neural neurochemistry neuroimaging neuroinflammation neuromechanism nutrition preservation randomized, clinical trials response saturated fat seventh grade sixth grade socioeconomics soft drink stool sample stria terminalis sugar sustained attention sweetened beverage trend verbal virtual western diet white matter

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The quality of children’s diet has deteriorated tremendously over the last decades in the U.S. and other developed countries, with increased intake of unhealthy foods and decreased consumption of healthy foods. The effects of children’s diet on obesity and chronic disease have been well-studied, but recent evidence suggests that children’s diet also affects their behavioral, emotional, and academic functioning. However, little is known about the neural substrates that may underlie these effects. Studies with animal models convincingly demonstrate that ‘Western’ diet – high in saturated fat and added sugars – has a profound negative effects on cognition and behavior through impairments in frontal, limbic, and hippocampal areas of the brain. However, few studies have examined connections between diet and the brain in humans. The relationships between diet, behavior, and academic outcomes are particularly relevant in early adolescence when diet quality typically deteriorates; behavioral, emotional, and academic problems increase; and the brain undergoes rapid development and reorganization that make it more vulnerable to environmental influences. Because virtually nothing is known about the impact of diet on the adolescent brain, this R21 application aims to examine associations between adolescents’ diet and white matter microstructure, neurochemistry, and brain function on tasks related to 1) sustained attention, 2) learning and memory, and 3) emotional and behavioral regulation. We leverage longitudinal, multi-source data collected through the ongoing Adolescent Diet Study, which conducts a full week of daily 24-hour diet recalls and lunch observations on 288 middle school students annually in 6th, 7th, and 8th grade. This R21 project would add a single neuroimaging session, IQ screen, and nutrition biomarkers for a random subset of 80 participants after the 8th grade assessment. Integrated data from both studies will allow us to determine the relationships of intake of saturated fats and added sugars with key aspects of the adolescent brain that underlie behavioral, emotional, and academic functioning – white matter microstructure, neurochemistry, and brain function on tasks of attention, verbal memory, and emotional and behavioral regulation. Better understanding of the connections between diet and the adolescent brain will facilitate more effective public health messaging and nutrition-focused interventions to enhance healthy brain development and improve emotional, behavioral, and academic outcomes of youth.

项目摘要在美国和其他人的过去几十年中，儿童饮食的质量已得到了巨大确定发达国家，不健康食品的摄入量增加并增加了健康的消费食物。儿童饮食对肥胖和慢性疾病的影响得到了充分研究，但最近证据表明，儿童饮食也会影响他们的行为，情感和学术功能。但是，对可能构成这些影响的神经底物知之甚少。动物研究模型令人信服地表明，“西方”饮食 - 高饱和脂肪和添加的糖 - 通过前面，边缘和行为对认知和行为的严重负面影响大脑的海马区域。但是，很少有研究检查饮食与人类的大脑。饮食，行为和学术成果之间的关系特别是在饮食质量通常确定时，在青春期早期相关；行为，情感和学术问题增加；大脑经历了快速的发展和重组，使它更容易受到环境影响。因为实际上对在青少年大脑上的饮食，此R21应用旨在检查青少年之间的关联饮食和白质微观结构，神经化学和大脑功能与1）持续注意，2）学习和记忆，以及3）情绪和行为调节。我们利用纵向，通过正在进行的青少年饮食研究收集的多源数据，该研究进行了整整一周的每天24小时的饮食召回和午餐观察每年在288名中学生，第6、7和八年级。这个R21项目将添加一个神经影像学，智商屏幕和营养八年级评估后的80名参与者的随机子集生物标志物。来自两项研究都将使我们能够确定饱和脂肪的摄入量和添加糖与构成行为，情感和学术功能的青少年大脑的关键方面 - 白质微观结构，神经化学和大脑在注意力，口头记忆任务上的功能，以及情感和行为调节。更好地了解饮食与饮食之间的联系青少年大脑将促进更有效的公共卫生消息传递和营养干预措施增强健康的大脑发育并改善情感，行为和学术成果青年。