Neurobiological Mechanisms of Lower Internalizing Disorders in Black Americans

美国黑人较低内化障碍的神经生物学机制

基本信息

批准号：
8687745
负责人：
DAVID C KNIGHT
金额：
$ 55.61万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-07-10 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8687745
关键词：
Adolescence Adolescent Adult Affect African American Age Amygdaloid structure Anxiety Anxiety Disorders Attenuated Biological Brain region Cardiovascular system Child Childhood Communities Data Depressive disorder Development Diagnosis Diagnostic Discrimination Disease Distress Economics Electromyography Emotions Environment Epidemiologic Studies Etiology Event Exposure to Female Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Funding Galvanic Skin Response Goals Hydrocortisone Interview Investigation Life Link Low Prevalence Measures Mediating Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Mood Disorders Neurobiology Neurosciences Not Hispanic or Latino Participant Patient Self-Report Physiological Population Heterogeneity Prefrontal Cortex Prevalence Process Psychopathology Public Health Race Regulation Research Risk Risk Factors Role Sampling Stress Symptoms System Testing Time Violence base biological adaptation to stress caucasian American clinical Diagnosis cohort depressive symptoms deprivation early childhood experience improved informant innovation neural circuit neurobiological mechanism neuromechanism novel novel strategies peer programs relating to nervous system resilience response social socioeconomics stressor young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Compared to Non-Hispanic Whites, Black Americans carry a disproportionate burden of social risk factors for poor mental health, such as living in violent urban environments and experiencing economic deprivation and discrimination. Despite these risks, Black Americans have lower lifetime prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders than Whites. The reasons for Black Americans' resilience to these mental health disorders are unknown. This proposal aims to examine cumulative adversity and subsequent diminished neurobiological stress response as a possible explanation of Black Americans' resilience to anxiety and depression. It also aims to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying this resilience. These aims will be accomplished by conducting research interviews with 1,306 young adults (age 20-21; 60% Black, 40% White; 50% female) from an existing community sample who have been previously assessed three times during childhood and adolescence. These research interviews will provide information on adversity experienced by the participants, categorical diagnoses and dimensional measures of internalizing distress, and physiological indicators of reactivity to stress. Neural bases of stress response will be evaluated with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for a subset of 120 Black and 120 White participants from the larger study. This study is innovative because it proposes to test a novel mechanism explaining the resilience of Black Americans to depression and anxiety, incorporates both categorical and dimensional measures of internalizing problems, and examines the role of physiological stress response and regulatory neural circuit in the resilience process. The results will have important implications for our understanding of racial disparities i anxiety and depression, neurobiological mechanisms underlying resilience to stress, and relationships between environmental stress, neural and physiological response, and negative affect. These findings will point to novel ways to diagnose and treat mental health problems in Black and White Americans.

描述（由申请人提供）：与非西班牙裔白人相比，黑人美国人对精神健康不良的社会风险因素负担不成比例，例如生活在暴力城市环境中，并遭受经济剥夺和歧视。尽管存在这些风险，但黑人美国人的抑郁症和焦虑症患病率低于白人。黑人美国人对这些心理健康障碍的韧性的原因尚不清楚。该提案旨在检查累积逆境，并随后减少神经生物学压力反应，以解释黑人美国人对焦虑和抑郁的韧性。它还旨在研究这种弹性的神经机制。这些目标将通过对现有社区样本的1,306名年轻人（20-21岁，40％的白色; 50％女性）进行研究访谈来实现，这些样本先前在儿童期和青春期中进行了三次评估。这些研究访谈将提供有关参与者经历的逆境的信息，分类诊断和内在遇难的维度措施以及对压力反应性的生理指标。将通过功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）评估应力反应的神经底部，该子集中有120个黑色和120名白人参与者。这项研究具有创新性，因为它提议测试一种新的机制，解释了黑人对抑郁和焦虑的韧性，并结合了内化问题的分类和维度测量，并检查生理压力反应和调节性神经回路在弹性过程中的作用。结果将对我们对种族差异I焦虑和抑郁的理解，对压力的韧性以及环境压力，神经和生理反应以及负面影响之间的关系具有重要意义。这些发现将指出黑人和白人美国人诊断和治疗心理健康问题的新颖方法。