Effects of the Built Environment, Crime & Food Prices on BMI, Activity & Eating

建筑环境的影响、犯罪

基本信息

批准号：
7996543
负责人：
NATALIE COLABIANCHI
金额：
$ 34.97万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-12-04 至 2011-07-15
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7996543
关键词：
Accounting Adult Affect Censuses Characteristics Cities Consumption Control Groups Crime Data Eating Eating Behavior Education Energy Metabolism Ensure Environment Environmental Risk Factor Epidemic Evaluation Family Food Food Preferences Frequencies Goals Health Health Care Costs Housing Individual Intake Knowledge Life Link Low income Measures Mediating Moderate Exercise Mutation Natural experiment Neighborhoods Obesity Outcome Ownership Participant Persons Physical activity Policy Maker Population Poverty Prevalence Price Public Health Public Housing Public Policy Randomized Randomized Controlled Trials Recreation Relative (related person)Reporting Research Research Design Research Personnel Resources Role Solutions Time Walking base cost effective density design experience fast food follow-up food consumption fruits and vegetables health economics interest land use programs response statistics weight loss intervention

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One of the greatest public health challenges in the US is the epidemic of obesity. Support for an association between the environment and physical activity, eating behavior and, to a lesser extent, obesity has been recently documented. While these associations may represent a causal relationship, there are several possible alternative explanations that previous research has not adequately ruled out. For example, a person that values and enjoys walking is more likely to move to a walkable neighborhood; so the effect of neighborhood is likely confounded with individual attributes. The Moving to Opportunity for Fair Housing Demonstration (MTO) provides an excellent setting to examine the role of neighborhood characteristics on obesity, physical activity and fruit/vegetable intake. The goal of MTO was to determine whether persons who moved to "better" neighborhoods would experience improvements in a variety of outcomes such as education, economic and health compared to similar persons who did not move. To ensure that comparisons were made between similar persons, families were randomly assigned to one of three groups: the experimental group (who were required to move to census tracts where less than 10% of persons lived in poverty), the Section 8 group and the control group. The key advantage of the MTO data is participants were randomized to treatment and control groups, which would likely eliminate any baseline differences among these groups. Since many weight loss interventions fail, an important finding of the MTO study was that adult participants (N=3526) in the experimental group had a significantly lower BMI 4 to 7 years after randomization compared to controls. Additionally, those in the experimental group had a higher frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and those in the Section 8 experimental group had a greater frequency of physical activity relative to controls. Thus the purpose of our research is to examine whether the differences in these outcomes seen across study groups were mediated by attributes of the participant's environment. In other words, we will examine whether those in the experimental groups were more likely to be exposed to supportive environments, and whether differences in environmental characteristics explain the treatment (i.e., randomization) effect. This study will link MTO Interim Evaluation data with environmental characteristics of participant's neighborhoods. The MTO Interim Evaluation included information on health outcomes including BMI, physical activity levels and consumption of fruit and vegetables along with demographic information. Environmental characteristics that will be collected and linked with the Interim Evaluation include: food availability, food prices, commercially and publicly available physical activity resources, city-sponsored recreation centers, connectivity of streets, land use, residential density, crime statistics and census data.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国最大的公共卫生挑战之一是肥胖的流行。最近已经记录了对环境与体育锻炼，饮食行为以及肥胖症较小程度上的关联的支持。尽管这些关联可能代表了因果关系，但有几种可能的替代解释以前的研究尚未充分排除。例如，一个珍视和喜欢步行的人更有可能搬到一个可步行的社区。因此，社区的影响可能与个别属性混淆。搬到公平住房示范（MTO）的机会为研究邻里特征在肥胖，体育锻炼和水果/蔬菜摄入量中的作用提供了绝佳的环境。 MTO的目的是确定与没有搬家的类似人相比，搬到“更好”社区的人是否会在教育，经济和健康等各种成果方面得到改善。为了确保在类似人之间进行比较，将家庭随机分配到三组之一中：实验组（必须移居到贫困人口中不到10％的人的人口普查区），第8节组和对照组。 MTO数据的主要优点是参与者被随机分配给治疗和对照组，这可能会消除这些组之间的任何基线差异。由于许多减肥干预措施失败，因此MTO研究的一个重要发现是，与对照组相比，实验组的成年参与者（n = 3526）的BMI 4至7年的BMI 4至7年显着降低。此外，实验组的果实和蔬菜消耗的频率更高，第8节实验组相对于对照组的体育活动频率更高。因此，我们研究的目的是检查研究组所见结果的差异是否是由参与者环境的属性介导的。换句话说，我们将检查实验组中的人员是否更有可能面临支持环境，以及环境特征的差异是否解释了治疗方法（即随机化）效应。这项研究将将MTO MTO临时评估数据与参与者社区的环境特征联系起来。 MTO临时评估包括有关健康结果的信息，包括BMI，体育锻炼水平以及水果和蔬菜的消费以及人口统计信息。将收集并与临时评估相关的环境特征包括：食品可用性，食品价格，商业和公开可用的体育活动资源，城市资助的娱乐中心，街道的连通性，土地使用，住宅密度，犯罪统计数据和人口普查数据。