Opticortex: A Full-Head Non-invasive Functional Optical Brain Imager

视皮层：全头非侵入性功能性光学脑成像仪

• 批准号: 8294453
• 负责人: Beniamino Barbieri
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: ISS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8294453
• 关键词: Adult; Area; Body measure procedure; Brain; Brain imaging; Child; Clinical; Cognitive; Communities; Complement; Computer software; Coupling; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Detection; Development; Documentation; Elements; Environment; Epilepsy; Frequencies; Functional Imaging; Generations; Goals; Head; Housing; Human; Illinois; Image; Infant; Investigation; Laboratories; Laboratory Research; Lasers; Light; Linguistics; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Medical; Medical Research; Mental Depression; Morphologic artifacts; Motion; Nature; Neurons; Neurosciences Research; Optics; Patients; Penetration; Phase; Population; Protocols documentation; Publishing; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Sampling; Source; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Tube; Universities; Work; age effect; base; cognitive neuroscience; commercialization; cost; data acquisition; density; design; detector; experience; flexibility; hemodynamics; imaging modality; improved; instrument; interest; neuroimaging; neurosurgery; novel; photomultiplier; prototype; public health relevance; response; sensory cortex; stroke recovery; usability

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): ISS Inc. and the Cognitive Neuroimaging Laboratory (CNL) at the University of Illinois propose to develop and construct the prototype of a novel instrument for full-head non-invasive near infrared (NIR) functional imaging of the human brain (which we call "Opticortex"). NIR imaging, because of its combination of spatial and temporal resolution, its ability to image both neuronal and hemodynamic activity, and its relatively low cost, complements and enhances current human brain imaging methods, and is particularly useful for the investigation of whole brain cognitive networks and for studies of neurovascular coupling. Opticortex features include: (a) a large number of channels, providing full-head coverage and greater spatial resolution, using up to 128 laser sources and 60 detectors; and (b) programmable multiplexing to allow for "adaptive" recording montage design. During Phase I, we will explore two further features: (a) multiple simultaneous modulation frequencies to limit channel crosstalk and increase sampling rate; (b) variable modulation frequencies (from 50 to 300 MHz) to optimize S/N, spatial resolution and depth penetration for specific medical applications. The new systems will also include flexible, modular and integrated software for: (a) data acquisition; (b) co-registration of the optical data with anatomical images of the brain; (c) pre-analysis, artifact rejection and/or correction, averaging, image generation, statistical analysis; and (d) interfacing with other brain imaging software. The modular nature of the instrument confers several application and commercialization advantages. For some applications (e.g. infants or region-of-interest recording) a version featuring 32 sources and 15 detectors will be sufficient; yet, such instrument can be upgraded to the full configuration should the need arise, and for research involving full- head studies in adults. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: MRI is the technique of choice for imaging functional changes in the brain activity. It is costly (about $3M) and it requires special facilities. Data acquisition time is of the order of 20 minutes and during the registration session the patient is required to stand still inside the measuring body. We propose to build an instrument that is portable (it can be housed in a doctor's office), affordable (less than $500K), insensitive to motion artifacts (suitable for measurements on infants and children). The new frequency-domain instrument, which we call Opticortex, features 128 light sources and 60 detectors; it is intended for the measurement of the fast and slow activities of the entire brain. The Opticortex will launch a novel range of applications in cognitive neurosciences (task related responses in adults, the effect of aging on the sensory cortex, brain development in infants, linguistics) and it will open the door for the investigation of relevant medical applications: as it will selectively probe different depths of the brain, potential applications in the area of stroke recovery and neurosurgery, the study of epilepsy and depression will be within the reach of the medical research community.

描述（由申请人提供）： ISS Inc.和伊利诺伊大学的认知神经影像学实验室（CNL）提议开发和构建一种新型仪器的原型，用于全头无创近红外（NIR）功能成像（我们称为“ Opticortex”）。 NIR成像是因为它结合了空间和时间分辨率的结合，其对神经元和血液动力学活性的图像和相对较低的成本的能力及其相对较低的能力，可以补充和增强当前的人脑成像方法，并且对于整个脑认知网络的研究以及神经血管造着的研究特别有用。 Opticortex功能包括：（a）大量通道，提供全头覆盖范围和更大的空间分辨率，最多使用128个激光源和60个探测器； （b）可编程多路复用，以允许“自适应”记录蒙太奇设计。 在第一阶段，我们将探索两个进一步的特征：（a）多个同时调制频率以限制通道串扰并提高采样率； （b）可变调制频率（从50到300 MHz），以优化针对特定医疗应用的S/N，空间分辨率和深度穿透。 新系统还将包括：（a）数据采集的灵活，模块化和集成软件； （b）光学数据与大脑的解剖图像共同注册； （c）分析前，伪影排斥和/或校正，平均，图像产生，统计分析； （d）与其他大脑成像软件接口。 该仪器的模块化性质赋予了几种应用和商业化优势。对于某些应用程序（例如，婴儿或利益录制），具有32个来源和15个检测器的版本就足够了；但是，如果需要，可以将这种仪器升级到完整的配置，以及涉及成人全面研究的研究。 公共卫生相关性： MRI是对大脑活性的功能变化的首选技术。 它是昂贵的（约300万美元），需要特殊设施。 数据采集​​时间为20分钟，在注册会议期间，要求患者站在测量主体内。 我们建议建造一种可移植的乐器（可以容纳在医生办公室），负担得起（不到50万美元），对运动伪像（适用于婴儿和儿童的测量）不敏感。 我们称之为Opticortex的新频域仪器具有128个光源和60个检测器；它旨在测量整个大脑的快速和缓慢的活动。 The Opticortex will launch a novel range of applications in cognitive neurosciences (task related responses in adults, the effect of aging on the sensory cortex, brain development in infants, linguistics) and it will open the door for the investigation of relevant medical applications: as it will selectively probe different depths of the brain, potential applications in the area of​​ stroke recovery and neurosurgery, the study of epilepsy and depression will be within the reach of医学研究界。