INTERROGATING THE GENOME TO UNCOVER HUMAN SPECIALIZATIONS OF BRAIN & COGNITION

探究基因组以揭示人类大脑的特化

• 批准号: 7958138
• 负责人: TODD M PRUESS
• 金额: $ 5.48万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-05-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7958138
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Brain; Brain region; Cognition; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Freezing; Funding; Gene Expression; Gene Proteins; Genome; Grant; Hour; Human; In Situ Hybridization; Institution; Macaca; Messenger RNA; Monkeys; Oligonucleotide Microarrays; Pan Genus; Primates; Proteins; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sampling; Site; Source; Time; Tissue Sample; Tissues; United States National Institutes of Health; Western Blotting; immunocytochemistry; protein expression; regional difference; species difference

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Human brains have unique functional capacities, but how the human brain differs structurally and biochemically from that of other primates is poorly understood. During the reporting period, we pursued these questions by identifying differences in gene and protein expression between species (humans, chimpanzees, and macaque monkeys), between brain regions (multiple cortical and subcortical sites), and between hemispheres. Gene-expression differences are determined using unfixed tissue samples from short post-mortem time (8 hours or less) cases. Samples are flash-frozen and stored at 7080¿C. Messenger RNA is later extracted and hybridized to oligonucleotide microarrays to determining gene-expression levels for each sample. Possible species differences and regional differences were flagged by comparing microarray results across samples, and then are corroborated using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Differences in levels of protein expression were determined by Western blotting. Finally, mRNA and protein were localized in cortical tissue using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry.

该副本是使用众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子弹和 调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构是 对于中心，这是调查员的机构。 人的大脑具有独特的功能能力，但是人脑在结构和生物化学上与其他素数的差异如何被了解不足。 在报告期间，我们通过识别物种（人类，黑猩猩和猕猴），大脑区域（多层皮质和皮层皮层和皮层下部位）以及半球之间的物种（人类，黑猩猩和猕猴）之间的基因和蛋白质表达的差异来追求这些问题。基因表达的差异是使用尸体后时间（8小时或更少）病例的未固定组织样本确定的。样品是闪存的，并存储在7080¿C。 后来提取Messenger RNA并杂交与寡核苷酸微阵列，以确定每个样品的基因表达水平。通过比较样品中的微阵列结果，并使用定量实时RT-PCR来证实可能的物种差异和区域差异。通过蛋白质印迹确定蛋白质表达水平的差异。 最后，使用原位杂交和免疫细胞化学，将mRNA和蛋白质定位在皮质组织中。