Brain-Behavior Mechanisms of Social Cognition in First-Episode Psychosis

首发精神病社会认知的脑行为机制

• 批准号: 10740563
• 负责人: Aubrey M. Moe
• 金额: $ 19.2万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10740563
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Address; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Belief; Brain; Brain region; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive remediation; Coupled; Data; Data Collection; Development; Devices; Diagnostic; Early Intervention; Ecological momentary assessment; Effectiveness; Enrollment; Exhibits; Feeling suicidal; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Future; Goals; Health Technology; Illness impact; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Measures; Medial; Mental Processes; Mentors; Mind; Nature; Neurobiology; Neurocognition; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Occupational; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Participant; Performance; Persons; Phase; Prefrontal Cortex; Psychoses; Psychotic Disorders; Sampling; Social Behavior; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Social Processes; Social outcome; Source; Stimulus; Time; Training; Translations; animation; base; behavioral construct; biobehavior; brain based; brain behavior; career; clinically relevant; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive performance; cognitive process; cognitive task; daily functioning; early psychosis; experience; first episode psychosis; functional disability; functional outcomes; improved; indexing; innovation; mHealth; mental state; mentalization; multimodality; network dysfunction; neural; neuromechanism; novel therapeutics; outcome prediction; performance based measurement; psychiatric symptom; psychosocial; recruit; response; skills; social; social cognition; social deficits; social influence; social neuroscience; stress reactivity; theories; translational neuroscience; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Psychotic disorders are serious illnesses that lead to significant functional impairment, even during the early course of illness (i.e., first-episode psychosis; FEP). Social cognition is a strong predictor of key functional outcomes in psychosis (i.e., social and occupational functioning) and among social cognitive domains, mentalizing – the ability to infer and reason about the mental states of other people – is most robustly impaired and simultaneously most predictive of outcomes. However, existing interventions addressing social cognitive dysfunction in psychosis are minimally effective in improving real-world outcomes. Further, though psychosis studies have revealed abnormal function in brain areas comprising the mentalizing network (MN; e.g., medial prefrontal cortex and temporoparietal junction), the vast majority of existing studies have utilized fMRI paradigms that use non-human or non-interactive stimuli that may limit ecological validity and further fail to examine associations between neural function and real-world outcomes. Collectively, social cognition is a critical factor in psychosis that remains poorly understood. Thus, the proposed study will combine neural, behavioral, and real- world functioning measures to delineate brain-behavior mechanisms of social cognition in FEP. The study will enroll 45 FEP individuals and 45 matched non-clinical controls (NCC) and assess their neural (i.e., fMRI) and behavioral (i.e., validated laboratory-based measures) social cognitive function as well as their real-world social and occupational behavior. Data from this study will allow for an innovative investigation of whether MN dysfunction is associated with social cognitive performance on validated behavioral tasks both across and within FEP and NCC participants (Aim 1), and how these brain-behavior measures of social cognitive performance relate to laboratory-based measures of social and occupational functioning (Aim 2). The current study will also examine the extent to which MN function predicts real-world social and occupational functioning assessed via ecological momentary assessment (Aim 3). This proposal concurrently provides an excellent opportunity to receive mentor-directed, hands-on training in several key areas necessary to refine the candidate’s knowledge and skill-sets. Though the candidate has extensive clinical research experience in FEP and has completed foundational fMRI training, she proposes a training plan focused on three new domains: 1) advanced social- cognitive neuroscience and fMRI task development, 2), linking of fMRI to behavioral constructs of social cognition and functional outcome, and 3) translation of fMRI and behavioral constructs to psychosis. The proposed study coupled with completion of the training plan will effectively launch the candidate toward her long-term goal of an independent career in the translational neuroscience of social-cognitive dysfunction in early psychosis, and will lay the foundation for future, high-impact R01 studies focused on refined identification and targeting of biobehavioral factors influencing social and functional outcomes.

项目摘要 精神病性疾病是严重疾病，即使在早期 疾病的过程（即第一集精神病； FEP）。社会认知是关键功能的有力预测指标 精神病的结果（即社会和占领功能）以及社会认知领域中的结果， 心理化 - 推断和推理他人的心理状态的能力 - 最有力地受损 最简单地预测结果。但是，现有解决社会认知的干预措施 精神病的功能障碍在改善现实结果方面至少有效。此外，虽然精神病 研究揭示了完成心理网络的大脑区域的异常功能（MN；例如，媒体 前额叶皮层和颞叶交界处），绝大多数现有研究都使用了fMRI范式 使用非人类或非交互性刺激可能会限制生态有效性，并且无法进一步检查 神经功能与现实结果之间的关联。总体而言，社会认知是关键因素 精神病仍然很少理解。这是拟议的研究将结合神经，行为和现实 世界功能的措施来描述FEP中社会认知的脑行为机制。研究将 注册45个FEP个体和45个匹配的非临床对照（NCC），并评估其神经（即fMRI）和 行为（即经过实验室验证的措施）社会认知功能及其现实世界社会 和职业行为。这项研究的数据将允许对MN进行创新研究 功能障碍与经过验证的行为任务的社会认知表现相关联 FEP和NCC参与者（AIM 1），以及这些大脑行为的社会认知表现如何衡量 与基于实验室的社会和占用功能的度量有关（AIM 2）。当前的研究也将 检查MN功能预测现实世界的社会和职业功能的程度 生态瞬间评估（AIM 3）。该提案同时提供了一个绝佳的机会 在精炼候选人知识所需的几个关键领域接受导师指导的动手培训 和技能。尽管候选人在FEP上拥有丰富的临床研究经验，并且已经完成 她的基本fMRI培训，她提出了一项培训计划，重点是三个新领域：1）高级社会 - 认知神经科学和fMRI任务发展，2），fMRI与社会认知行为结构的联系 和功能结果，以及3）fMRI和行为构建为精神病的翻译。拟议的研究 加上培训计划的完成，将有效地启动候选人的长期目标 早期精神病的社会认知功能障碍的转化神经科学的独立职业，并将 为未来的高影响R01研究奠定了基础 影响社会和功能结果的生物行为因素。