Repetitive Thought, Stress, and Immunity in Older Adults

老年人的重复思维、压力和免疫力

• 批准号: 7806563
• 负责人: SUZANNE C. SEGERSTROM
• 金额: $ 32.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-15 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7806563
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Antibodies; Antibody Formation; Bereavement; Buffers; Cognitive; Disease; Distress; Elderly; Environment; Event; Growth; Health; Hydrocortisone; Immune; Immune system; Immunity; Individual; Individual Differences; Influenza; Interleukin-6; Interview; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Neurosecretory Systems; Perception; Personal Satisfaction; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physiological; Physiology; Process; Prospective Studies; Psyche structure; Psychosocial Stress; Public Health; Reaction; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Saliva; Sampling; Seasons; Series; Serum; Stress; Stressful Event; Structure; Sympathetic Nervous System; Testing; Thinking; Vaccinated; Vaccination; Vaccines; Well in self; aged; cytokine; improved; indexing; influenza virus vaccine; programs; prospective; psychologic; resilience; response; stressor; thought control; trait; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The effects of stressors on the immune system are particularly relevant for older adults: Potent stressors such as bereavement become more common with age, immune reactions to stress grow larger with age, and vulnerability to immunological dysregulation and immunologically mediated disease increases with age. Previous studies have linked stressors in old age with increased distress and physiological dysregulation, including depression, high levels of cortisol, poor responses to vaccination, and high levels of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6. The proposed research will address limitations of the extant literature by focusing on the prospective effects of stressors among older adults and by including individual differences in repetitive thought (RT), that is, the cognitive interpretation and processing of stressful events. Individual differences in RT can create vulnerability or resilience to stressors: Negative, uncontrolled, and intrusive thought (e.g., worry) can prolong and amplify negative consequences, whereas positive and controlled thought (e.g., reflection) can buffer against negative consequences and promote positive consequences such as growth. In this 5-year longitudinal, prospective study, married adults aged 60 or older (N = 183) will be interviewed and will collect saliva samples for cortisol every 6 months; they will be vaccinated annually against influenza, and serum for antibody and IL-6 will be collected before and after vaccination and at the end of influenza season. The primary aim of the study is to test the following predictions: (1) stressors and RT predict psychological and physiological indices of health or dysregulation; (2) RT moderates the effects of stressors; (3) psychological indices (e.g., depression) mediate the relationship between stressors and RT and physiology. A secondary aim of the study is to relate cortisol, autonomic activity and inhibition, IL-6, and antibody to each other and to evidence of influenza infection. Another secondary aim is to validate the dimensional structure of RT in older adults and link trait RT (e.g., trait worry) to episodic RT (e.g., thoughts about a specific stressor). Relevance to public health: Stress in older adults can increase their vulnerability to both mental and physical illness. This research will test whether thought styles such as worry put older adults at greater risk. This knowledge could be used to identify and intervene with the most at-risk individuals.

描述（由申请人提供）：压力源对免疫系统的影响与老年人特别相关：随着年龄的增长，诸如丧亲之类的有效压力源变得更加普遍，对压力的免疫反应随着年龄的增长而增长，并且对免疫学失调的脆弱性和免疫学介导的疾病随着年龄的增长而增加。先前的研究将老年的压力源与增加的困扰和生理失调联系在一起，包括抑郁症，皮质醇高水平，对疫苗接种的反应不佳以及促炎性细胞因子IL-6的高水平。拟议的研究将通过重点关注老年人压力源的前瞻性影响以及包括重复思想的个体差异（RT），即压力事件的认知解释和处理。 RT的个体差异会对压力源产生脆弱性或韧性：负面，不受控制和侵入性思想（例如，忧虑）可以延长和扩大负面后果，而积极和受控的思想（例如反射）可以缓冲负面影响和负面后果并促进积极后果，例如增长。在这项为期5年的前瞻性研究中，将采访60岁或60岁以上（n = 183）的成年人，将每6个月收集每6个月的皮质醇样本；它们每年将接受疫苗接种的疫苗，并在疫苗接种前后和流感季节结束时收集抗体的血清和IL-6的血清。该研究的主要目的是测试以下预测：（1）压力源和RT预测健康或失调的心理和生理指标； （2）RT调节压力源的影响； （3）心理指数（例如抑郁症）介导了压力源与RT与生理学之间的关系。该研究的次要目的是将皮质醇，自主性活性和抑制作用，IL-6和抗体相互关联，并将其与流感感染的证据联系起来。另一个次要目的是验证老年人中RT的维度结构，并将特质RT（例如特征忧虑）与情节RT联系起来（例如，对特定压力源的思想）。与公共卫生有关：老年人的压力会增加他们对精神和身体疾病的脆弱性。这项研究将测试诸如忧虑之类的思想风格是否会使老年人面临更大的风险。这些知识可用于识别和干预最高危的人。