Understanding Barriers to Oral Health Care In Pregnancy: The First Step to Improv

了解妊娠期口腔保健的障碍：改善的第一步

• 批准号: 7342364
• 负责人: Kim A Boggess
• 金额: $ 21.64万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7342364
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Asthma; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Behavioral Research; Caring; Child; Childhood; Chronic; Clinic; Communities; Condition; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Dental; Dental caries; Development; Disadvantaged; Disease; Economics; Ethics; Evaluation; Evidence based intervention; Evidence based practice; Excision; Family member; Fetal Growth Retardation; Focus Groups; Funding; Goals; Health; Health Services; Health Status; Health education; Home environment; Hospitals; ImProv; Indium; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Low income; Maternal Behavior; Measures; Medical Education; Minority; Minority Groups; Morbidity - disease rate; Mothers; Mouth Diseases; North Carolina; Nutritional; Oral health; Perception; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Infection; Personal Satisfaction; Pilot Projects; Population; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnant Women; Premature Birth; Prenatal care; Prevention; Preventive; Public Health; Public Policy; Questionnaires; Race; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Risk; Social status; Socioeconomic Status; Surgeon; System; Testing; Time; Tooth Loss; Ultrasonography; Universities; Visit; Woman; Women' s Group; Work; base; design; experience; improved; innovation; low socioeconomic status; multidisciplinary; prenatal; prevent; programs; reproductive; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Oral health diseases such as childhood caries and periodontal diseases are prevalent conditions that disproportionately affect racial/ethnic minorities and disadvantaged individuals. Dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease, affecting 5 times more children than asthma. Caries leads to tooth loss, with subsequent nutritional and social consequences. Adult periodontal disease affects up to 40% of reproductive age women, and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia. Effective preventive and treatment measures to reduce the morbidity of caries and periodontal disease exist, and data suggest that treatment of maternal oral disease may improve the oral health of the offspring and reduce risk for adverse pregnancy outcome. However, despite the presence of these evidence-based interventions to prevent or reduce the burden of oral diseases among children and women, both caries and periodontal disease remain prevalent, particularly among low-income families and members of racial and ethnic minorities. Our long-term goal is to reduce morbidity of oral diseases among pregnant women and their children, and to eliminate disparities in oral health. We hypothesize that maternal knowledge about and attitudes toward oral health, as well as lack of access to oral health services, greatly affect maternal behaviors that promote the oral health of both the mother and her offspring. The primary objective of this study is to identify barriers to oral health care among pregnant women, particularly racial and ethic minorities and those of lower socio-economic status, and then develop intervention strategies for removing or lowering the barriers so that existing evidence-based interventions can be more effectively applied. We will pursue this objective by achieving the following specific aims: 1. Collect and analyze data to understand pregnant women's current practices, attitudes, and perceived system barriers regarding optimal dental health. 2. Test the feasibility, acceptability, and likely use of four to eight potential interventions to remove and/or reduce barriers and encourage improved oral health practices. 3. Conduct pilot study of one or more interventions developed in aim 2. This proposal brings together a multidisciplinary team with strength in oral health in pregnancy, public health programming, behavioral research, qualitative analysis and public policy. Findings from this research will provide the framework for development of innovative, culturally sensitive strategies and approaches to improve the health and well-being of mothers and their children by reducing barriers to oral health care. Oral health diseases are prevalent conditions that disproportionately affect racial/ethnic minorities and disadvantaged individuals. Despite the presence of evidence-based interventions and effective preventive and treatment measures, oral diseases remain prevalent. Our long-term goal is to reduce morbidity of oral diseases among pregnant women and their children and identify barriers to oral health care which will provide the framework for development of innovative, culturally sensitive strategies and approaches to improve the health and well-being of mothers and their children by reducing barriers to oral health care.

描述（由申请人提供）：儿童龋齿和牙周病等口腔健康疾病是普遍存在的疾病，对少数种族/族裔和弱势群体影响尤为严重。龋齿是最常见的慢性儿童疾病，影响儿童的人数是哮喘的 5 倍。龋齿会导致牙齿脱落，进而带来营养和社会后果。成人牙周病影响高达 40% 的育龄妇女，并与早产、胎儿生长受限和先兆子痫等不良妊娠结局相关。存在降低龋齿和牙周病发病率的有效预防和治疗措施，并且数据表明，母体口腔疾病的治疗可以改善后代的口腔健康并降低不良妊娠结局的风险。然而，尽管存在这些基于证据的干预措施来预防或减轻儿童和妇女口腔疾病的负担，但龋齿和牙周病仍然普遍存在，特别是在低收入家庭以及少数种族和族裔成员中。我们的长期目标是降低孕妇及其子女口腔疾病的发病率，并消除口腔健康方面的差异。我们假设，母亲对口腔健康的了解和态度，以及缺乏获得口腔健康服务的机会，极大地影响了促进母亲及其后代口腔健康的母亲行为。本研究的主要目的是确定孕妇口腔保健的障碍，特别是少数种族和族裔以及社会经济地位较低的孕妇，然后制定干预策略以消除或降低障碍，以便现有的循证干预措施能得到更有效的应用。我们将通过实现以下具体目标来实现这一目标： 1. 收集和分析数据，以了解孕妇当前的做法、态度和感知到的有关最佳牙齿健康的系统障碍。 2. 测试四到八种潜在干预措施的可行性、可接受性和可能用途，以消除和/或减少障碍并鼓励改善口腔健康实践。 3. 对目标 2 中制定的一项或多项干预措施进行试点研究。该提案汇集了在妊娠期口腔健康、公共卫生规划、行为研究、定性分析和公共政策方面具有实力的多学科团队。这项研究的结果将为制定创新的、文化敏感的战略和方法提供框架，通过减少口腔保健的障碍来改善母亲及其子女的健康和福祉。口腔健康疾病是一种普遍存在的疾病，对少数种族/族裔和弱势群体影响尤为严重。尽管存在循证干预措施和有效的预防和治疗措施，口腔疾病仍然普遍存在。我们的长期目标是降低孕妇及其子女的口腔疾病发病率，并找出口腔保健的障碍，这将为制定创新的、文化敏感的战略和方法提供框架，以改善母亲的健康和福祉以及他们的孩子，减少口腔保健的障碍。