Understanding False Recognition in Alzheimer's Disease

了解阿尔茨海默氏病的错误识别

• 批准号: 7545800
• 负责人: Andrew Budson
• 金额: $ 27.88万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-05-15 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7545800
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Alzheimer' s Disease; Awareness; Behavioral; Caring; Clinical; Collection; Cues; Dementia; Discrimination; Disease; Elderly; Event-Related Potentials; Experimental Psychology; Familiarity; Generations; Lead; Memory; Memory impairment; Participant; Patient Care; Patients; Rate; Reaction Time; Research; Research Personnel; Semantics; Source; Techniques; Testing; Thumb structure; Time; Work; attenuation; base; cognitive neuroscience; expectation; frontal lobe function; heuristics; insight; memory recognition; programs; research study; response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dementia will develop in 5% to 11% of people over the age of 65 and will affect as many as 50% of those over age 85. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Investigating false recognition in AD is important in understanding clinical false memories and in interpreting the results of memory tests used in research and clinical care. Previously we focused on false memories which occur when subjects falsely recognize items because they share the general meaning, idea, or gist conveyed by a collection of items (gist information). The proposed experiments will use the techniques of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience (including event-related potentials, ERPs) to investigate the more fundamental issue of the false recognition of unrelated items (the baseline rate of false alarms) in AD. As false alarms are a reflection of the response bias (or tendency to respond "old"), this proposal will critically examine this bias in AD. Aim 1 will investigate whether AD patients are able to shift to a more conservative response bias. Expt. 1 will examine response bias at varying levels of discrimination, and will correlate this bias with frontal lobe function and awareness of the patients' memory deficit. Expt. 2 will use ERPs to examine response bias when AD patients are told that a lower proportion of studied items are present than actually are. Aim 2 will investigate whether AD patients are impaired in their ability to inhibit responding "old" on the basis of weak cues. Expts. 3 & 4 will use behavioral and ERP responses to examine whether AD patients are more likely than older adults to respond "old" when items are made more familiar by increasing the presentation time or perceptual clarity of the test item. Expt. 5 examines whether AD patients can correctly attribute the source of their familiarity. Aim 3 will investigate whether the disordered semantic networks present in AD lead to an aberrant sense of familiarity and to increased false recognition. Expts. 6 & 7 will examine AD patients' reaction time, N400 ERP responses, and false recognition of weak semantic associates. Aim 4 will investigate the use of a distinctiveness heuristic in AD whereby subjects may lower their false recognition using the rule of thumb, "If I had seen it before I would have remembered it." Expts. 8 & 9 will use behavioral and ERP responses to examine whether AD patients can use this heuristic to reduce their false recognition and whether its use correlates with the patients' awareness of their memory deficit. Taken together, the proposed studies will provide new insights into memory in AD which may lead to improvements in our research and clinical care of patients with AD.

描述（由申请人提供）： 65 岁以上的人中有 5% 至 11% 会患上痴呆症，85 岁以上的人中多达 50% 的人会患上痴呆症。阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是痴呆症的最常见原因。研究 AD 中的错误识别对于理解临床错误记忆以及解释研究和临床护理中使用的记忆测试结果非常重要。之前我们关注的是错误记忆，这种记忆是当受试者错误地识别项目时发生的，因为它们共享由项目集合（要点信息）传达的一般含义、想法或要点。拟议的实验将利用实验心理学和认知神经科学（包括事件相关电位，ERP）的技术来研究 AD 中无关项目的错误识别（误报的基线率）这一更根本的问题。由于误报反映了响应偏差（或响应“旧”的倾向），因此该提案将严格审查 AD 中的这种偏差。目标 1 将调查 AD 患者是否能够转向更保守的反应偏差。出口。 1 将检查不同程度的歧视的反应偏差，并将这种偏差与额叶功能和患者记忆缺陷的意识相关联。出口。当 AD 患者被告知研究项目的比例低于实际比例时，2 将使用 ERP 来检查反应偏差。目标 2 将调查 AD 患者基于微弱线索抑制“旧”反应的能力是否受损。经验。 3 和 4 将使用行为和 ERP 反应来检查当通过增加测试项目的呈现时间或感知清晰度而使项目变得更加熟悉时，AD 患者是否比老年人更有可能反应“旧”。出口。图 5 检查 AD 患者是否能够正确归因他们熟悉的来源。目标 3 将调查 AD 中存在的无序语义网络是否会导致异常的熟悉感并增加错误识别。经验。 6 和 7 将检查 AD 患者的反应时间、N400 ERP 反应以及弱语义关联的错误识别。目标 4 将研究 AD 中独特性启发式的使用，受试者可以使用经验法则降低他们的错误识别，“如果我之前看到它，我就会记住它。”经验。 8 和 9 将使用行为和 ERP 反应来检查 AD 患者是否可以使用这种启发式方法来减少他们的错误识别，以及它的使用是否与患者对记忆缺陷的认识相关。总而言之，拟议的研究将为 AD 记忆提供新的见解，这可能会改善我们对 AD 患者的研究和临床护理。