Quantum-Degenerate Gases for Precision Measurements (QuDeGPM)

用于精密测量的量子简并气体 (QuDeGPM)

基本信息

批准号：
EP/G026602/1
负责人：
Simon Cornish
金额：
$ 22.35万
依托单位：
Durham University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2008 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FG026602%2F1
关键词：
Quantum Degenerate Gases Precision Measurements

项目摘要

Atom interference has been applied in many pioneering experiments ranging from fundamental studies to precision measurements. The techniques of laser cooling and trapping have allowed the realization of bright sources of macroscopic matter waves. This project is part of a EUROCORES Collaborative Research Project (within the EuroQUASAR programme coordinated by ESF) whose goal is to build upon this expertise and use interference of quantum degenerate macroscopic matter waves for a new generation of precision measurements. Two sets of applications are envisioned: (1) Precision determination of fundamental constants and inertial forces in free space, and (2) Interferometers for trapped atoms close to the surface as a microscope for highly sensitive measurements of surface forces on the micron length scale. To achieve the ultimate sensitivity we will engineer the interactions between the atoms and create non-classical matter-wave quantum states to beat the standard quantum measurement limit. Ultracold degenerate quantum gases with their inherent coherence and narrow spread in space and momentum promise to be the ideal starting point for precision matter wave interference experiments, similar to lasers for light optics. In contrast to light, atoms interact with each other, and the physics of degenerate quantum gases is in many cases dominated by these interactions. This can be an advantage, allowing tricks from non-linear optics like squeezing to boost sensitivity, and a disadvantage, resulting in additional dephasing due to uncontrolled collisional phase shifts. We will exploit recent advances in controlling these interactions by Feshbach resonances to pick out the advantages and to suppress the disadvantages caused by the interactions. Much of the planned work will be very fundamental and exploratory as many of the capabilities together with possible limitations have yet to be investigated.The collaborative research project entitled Quantum-Degenerate Gases for Precision Measurement (QuDeGPM) focuses European efforts on precision measurements with quantum degenerate gases and in particular with Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC). The project is organized along the main objectives of (i) performing precision atom interferometry with quantum degenerate gases, (ii) using quantum degenerate gases for precision surface probing, and (iii) exploring, realizing, and testing novel measurement schemes with non-classical matter wave states. The project in Durham focuses on the use of matter-waves with tunable interactions to probe atom surface interactions. Specifically two experimental thrusts are planned. The first uses bright matter-wave solitons as the basis for a new form of matter-wave interferometry. This work connects to an existing project which began in January 2008 (EPRSC grant EP/F002068/1). The second thrust exploits condensates where the interactions are tuned to zero to study long-lived Bloch oscillations in a 1D lattice in the vicinity of a solid surface.

原子干涉已应用于从基础研究到精密测量的许多开创性实验中。激光冷却和捕获技术使得宏观物质波的明亮源得以实现。该项目是 EUROCORES 合作研究项目（在 ESF 协调的 EuroQUASAR 计划内）的一部分，其目标是利用这一专业知识并利用量子简并宏观物质波的干涉来进行新一代的精密测量。设想了两组应用：（1）自由空间中基本常数和惯性力的精确测定，以及（2）接近表面的捕获原子的干涉仪，作为显微镜，用于在微米长度尺度上高灵敏度地测量表面力。为了实现最终的灵敏度，我们将设计原子之间的相互作用并创建非经典物质波量子态以超越标准量子测量极限。超冷简并量子气体具有固有的相干性以及在空间和动量上的窄分布，有望成为精密物质波干涉实验的理想起点，类似于光学光学中的激光器。与光相反，原子彼此相互作用，并且简并量子气体的物理学在许多情况下由这些相互作用主导。这可能是一个优点，允许非线性光学的技巧（如挤压）来提高灵敏度，但也有一个缺点，由于不受控制的碰撞相移而导致额外的相移。我们将利用费什巴赫共振控制这些相互作用的最新进展来找出相互作用所带来的优点并抑制其缺点。计划中的大部分工作将是非常基础性和探索性的，因为许多功能以及可能的限制还有待研究。名为“用于精密测量的量子简并气体”(QuDeGPM) 的合作研究项目重点关注欧洲在量子简并气体精密测量方面的努力。气体，特别是玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态气体 (BEC)。该项目的主要目标是（i）利用量子简并气体进行精密原子干涉测量，（ii）使用量子简并气体进行精密表面探测，以及（iii）利用非经典探索、实现和测试新颖的测量方案物质波状态。达勒姆的该项目重点是使用具有可调相互作用的物质波来探测原子表面相互作用。具体来说，计划进行两项实验。第一个使用明亮的物质波孤子作为新型物质波干涉测量的基础。这项工作与 2008 年 1 月开始的现有项目相关（EPRSC 拨款 EP/F002068/1）。第二个推力利用相互作用被调为零的凝聚态来研究固体表面附近一维晶格中的长寿命布洛赫振荡。