Clinical Studies Investigating Aggressive Behaviors And

调查攻击行为和

• 批准号: 6983107
• 负责人: David T George
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6983107
• 关键词: aggression; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; blood chemistry; blood glucose; brain mapping; cerebrospinal fluid; clinical research; dietary lipid; domestic violence; fear; fluoxetine; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; human therapy evaluation; hypothalamus; mental disorder chemotherapy; neurotransmitter metabolism; nutrition related tag; omega 3 fatty acid; serotonin inhibitor; substance abuse related behavior

Alcoholism is frequently associated with aggressive behaviors and dietary changes or deficiencies. It has been shown that there is a strong association between alcohol consumption and the violent behaviors exhibited by perpetrators of domestic violence. However, the actual mechanism(s) by which alcohol induces aggressive behavior is poorly understood. Currently we are conducting a study to determine if treatment with a serotonin reuptake inhibitor can reduce aggression in individuals characterized by frequent episodes of domestic violence. To date, 42 subjects have been enrolled in the study. Functional MRI (fMRI) is being used to assertain if there are significant differences between perpetrators, non-violent alcoholics, and healthy controls when participants interpret threatening and non-threatening stiumli. The fMRI is repeated after perpetrators have been on placebo or fluoxetine for three months. Participants' aggression will be examined in relation to: fMRI results, drug effect, and genotype of the serotonin transporter. Results from MRI imaging are also being analyzed to determine if perpetrators of domestic violence have differences in brain structures associated with fear conditioning and fear avoidance. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) an essential omega-3 fatty acid that is selectively concentrated in the brain. Because DHA is a potentially important factor in the etiology of violence and hostility, we have analyzed cerbrospinal fluid and plasma samples from perpetrators of domestic violence. Currently, we have a manuscript in press showing that low plasma DHA levels were correlated to higher cerebrospinal fluid corticotropin releasing hormone levels in perpetrators of domestic violence. A second manuscript has been submitted for publication showing that red blood cell folate levels were significantly correlated with plasma DHA. In a recent publication, we showed that in healthy controls peripheral blood glucose concentrations are significantly correlated with the CSF concentrations of the dopamine metabolite, HVA and the noradrenaline metabolite, MHPG. These correlations may represent a homeostatic relationship between brain neurotransmitter activity and blood glucose.

酗酒通常与攻击性行为和饮食改变或缺乏有关。研究表明，饮酒与家庭暴力施暴者的暴力行为之间存在密切关联。然而，人们对酒精诱发攻击行为的实际机制知之甚少。 目前，我们正在进行一项研究，以确定使用血清素再摄取抑制剂治疗是否可以减少经常发生家庭暴力的个体的攻击性。迄今为止，已有 42 名受试者参加了该研究。功能性 MRI (fMRI) 用于确定当参与者解释威胁性和非威胁性刺激时，施暴者、非暴力酗酒者和健康对照之间是否存在显着差异。肇事者服用安慰剂或氟西汀三个月后，会重复进行功能磁共振成像检查。参与者的攻击性将根据以下方面进行检查：功能磁共振成像结果、药物效应和血清素转运蛋白的基因型。核磁共振成像的结果也正在被分析，以确定家庭暴力的施暴者与恐惧调节和恐惧回避相关的大脑结构是否存在差异。 二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA) 是一种必需的 omega-3 脂肪酸，选择性地浓缩在大脑中。由于 DHA 是暴力和敌意病因的潜在重要因素，因此我们分析了家庭暴力施暴者的脑脊液和血浆样本。目前，我们出版的一份手稿显示，家庭暴力施暴者血浆 DHA 水平较低与脑脊液促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素水平较高相关。第二份手稿已提交出版，表明红细胞叶酸水平与血浆 DHA 显着相关。 在最近的一篇出版物中，我们表明，在健康对照中，外周血糖浓度与脑脊液中多巴胺代谢物 HVA 和去甲肾上腺素代谢物 MHPG 浓度显着相关。这些相关性可能代表大脑神经递质活动和血糖之间的稳态关系。