PHYTOSTEROLS IN HUMAN NUTRITION

人类营养中的植物甾醇

• 批准号: 7355179
• 负责人: RICHARD E. OSTLUND
• 金额: $ 0.29万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-01 至 2007-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7355179
• 关键词: PHYTOSTEROLS; HUMAN; NUTRITION

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Phytosterols are cholesterol-like molecules found in all plant foods, with the highest concentrations occurring in vegetable oils. They are absorbed only in trace amounts but inhibit the absorption of intestinal cholesterol including recirculating endogenous biliary cholesterol, a key step in cholesterol elimination. Natural dietary intake varies from about 167-437 mg/day. Attempts to measure biological effects in feeding studies have been impeded by limited solubility in both water and fat. Esterification of phytosterols with long-chain fatty acids increases fat solubility by 10-fold and allows delivery of several grams daily in fatty foods such as margarine. A dose of 2 g/day as the ester reduces low density lipoprotein cholesterol by 10%, and little difference is observed between Delta(5)-sterols and 5alpha-reduced sterols (stanols). Phytosterols can also be dispersed in water after emulsification with lecithin and reduce cholesterol absorption when added to nonf at f oods. In contrast to these supplementation studies, much less is known about the effect of low phytosterol levels in the natural diet. However, reduction of cholesterol absorption can be measured at a dose of only 150 mg during otherwise sterol-free test meals, suggesting that natural food phytosterols may be clinically important. Current literature suggests that phytosterols are safe when added to the diet, and measured absorption and plasma levels are very small. Increasing the aggregate amount of phytosterols consumed in a variety of foods may be an important way of reducing population cholesterol levels and preventing coronary heart disease.

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子弹和调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构适用于该中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。植物醇是所有植物食品中发现的胆固醇样分子，浓度最高。它们仅在痕量中吸收，但抑制肠道胆固醇的吸收，包括再循环内源性胆汁胆固醇，这是消除胆固醇的关键一步。天然饮食摄入量的范围约为167-437毫克/天。水和脂肪的溶解度有限，试图测量喂养研究中的生物学作用。用长链脂肪酸的植物酯酯化可使脂肪溶解度提高10倍，并允许每天在脂肪食品（例如人造黄油）中递送几克。每天2 g/天的剂量将低密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低10％，并且在三角洲（5） - 乙醇和5alpha降低的固醇（stanols）之间几乎没有差异。用卵磷脂乳化后，植物固醇也可以分散在水中，并在F ODS处添加到NONF时降低胆固醇的吸收。与这些补充研究相反，对低植物固醇水平在自然饮食中的影响少得多。但是，在其他不含固醇的测试餐期间，胆固醇吸收的降低只能以150 mg的剂量测量，这表明天然食品植物醇可能在临床上很重要。当前的文献表明，将植物固醇添加到饮食中时是安全的，并且测量的吸收和血浆水平非常小。增加在各种食物中消耗的植物固醇的总量可能是降低种群胆固醇水平并预防冠心病的重要方法。