An Econometric Analysis of Cigarette Price Search and Tax Incidence

卷烟价格搜索和税收发生率的计量经济学分析

• 批准号: 7529752
• 负责人: Donald S. Kenkel
• 金额: $ 13.86万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-26 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7529752
• 关键词: Adult; Appetitive Behavior; Behavior; Behavioral Genetics; Behavioral Research; Border Crossings; Cancer Control; Cause of Death; Cigarette; Daily; Data; Data Analyses; Depth; Disease regression; Econometric Models; Economics; Environmental Impact; Environmental Risk Factor; Etiology; Face; Geographic Locations; Grant; Incidence; Income; Indian reservation; Internet; Laboratories; Laws; Light; Marketing; Measures; Modeling; National Cancer Institute; New York; New York City; Numbers; Play; Policies; Price; Public Health; Rate; Research; Research Project Grants; Respondent; Role; Smoker; Smoking; Source; Standards of Weights and Measures; Surveys; Taxation; Taxes; Tobacco; Tobacco use; consumer behavior; improved; novel; population survey; prevent; psychosocial; public policy on tobacco; reduce tobacco use; residence; response; treatment effect

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cigarette taxation is a well-established part of tobacco control policy. To further improve our understanding of the consequences of cigarette taxes, the broad objective of the proposed research is to conduct an exploratory economic analysis of cigarette price search. The proposed project will use national data from the 2003 Tobacco Use Special Cessation Supplement to the Consumer Population Survey. The 2003 TUSCS contains novel data on price search behavior including: the price paid for cigarettes; whether smokers usually buy packs or cartons of cigarettes; whether their last cigarette purchase was in some other state than their state of residence; and whether their last cigarette purchase was over the internet or some other means. To explore border crossing in more depth, we also propose to analyze data from the New York State Adult Tobacco Survey. Similar to the TUSCS, the NYS-ATS contains measures of border crossing and the prices paid for cigarettes. New York is a good "laboratory" to study border crossing because it includes New York City, which has a high local cigarette tax, and a number of Native American Reservations, which are important sources of low price cigarettes for many New Yorkers. Specific Aim 1 is to estimate econometric models of the impact of border crossing on the price paid for cigarettes. We will use distance to the border as the key instrumental variable to identify an endogenous treatment effect model and an endogenous switching regressions model of the impact of border crossing on prices. Border crossing is an important form of price search that might have a major impact on the price paid for cigarettes. Estimating the magnitude of its causal impact is important in its own right and will shed light on broader questions about the role consumer search behavior plays in consumer responses to tobacco control policies. Specific Aim 2 is to use the econometric results to conduct a novel analysis of how the burden of cigarette taxes is distributed across different groups of smokers. The analysis will extend the standard analysis of tax incidence across income groups to explore how price search changes tax incidence. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Cigarette taxes are often seen as way to prevent smoking, the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S. The proposed project will explore actions consumers take to find lower price cigarettes even in the face of high taxes. By improving our understanding of this behavior, the project will contribute to more effective tobacco control policies.

描述（由申请人提供）：香烟税是烟草控制政策的公认部分。为了进一步提高我们对香烟税的后果的理解，拟议研究的广泛目标是对卷烟价格搜索进行探索性经济分析。拟议的项目将使用2003年烟草中的国家数据使用对消费者人口调查的特殊戒烟补充剂。 2003年的TUSC包含有关价格搜索行为的新颖数据，包括：支付的香烟价格；吸烟者通常会购买包装还是纸箱；他们上次购买的香烟是否处于居住状态以外的其他州；以及他们上次购买的香烟是通过互联网还是其他方式。为了更深入地探索边境穿越，我们还建议分析纽约州成人烟草调查的数据。与TUSC相似，Nys-Ats包含过境点的措施和香烟支付的价格。纽约是一个很好的“实验室”研究过境点，因为它包括纽约市，该纽约市的当地香烟税高以及许多美国原住民预订，这对于许多纽约人来说都是低价香烟的重要来源。具体目的1是估算过境点对香烟价格的影响的计量经济学模型。我们将以与边界的距离作为关键仪器变量，以识别内源性治疗效果模型和过境对价格影响的内源性转换模型。过境是一种重要的价格搜索形式，可能会对香烟支付的价格产生重大影响。估计其因果影响的程度本身很重要，并将阐明有关消费者搜索行为在消费者对烟草控制政策的反应中所扮演的角色的更广泛问题。具体目标2是使用计量经济学结果对如何在不同的吸烟者中分配香烟税的负担进行新的分析。该分析将扩展对收入组的税收发病率的标准分析，以探讨价格搜索如何改变税收率。公共卫生相关性：通常将香烟税视为防止吸烟的方式，美国拟议项目的主要可预防死亡原因将探讨消费者即使面对高税收，消费者也采取了较低的价格卷烟。通过提高我们对这种行为的理解，该项目将有助于更有效的烟草控制政策。