EFFECTS OF PISTACHIOS ON CARDIOVASCULAR RISKDISEASE RISK

开心果对心血管疾病风险的影响

• 批准号: 7378535
• 负责人: PENNY M KRIS-ETHERTON
• 金额: $ 11.1万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7378535
• 关键词: EFFECTS; PISTACHIOS; CARDIOVASCULAR; RISKDISEASE; RISK

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Numerous epidemiologic studies have established cardioprotective effects of tree nuts and the legume peanuts. Many clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate the effects of nut consumption on multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and our research team has considerable experience in studying the effects of nuts on markers of cardiovascular risk (Kris-Etherton, Pearson et al. 1999; Kris-Etherton, Yu-Poth et al. 1999; West, Likos et al. 2002; Zhao, Etherton et al. 2004, under review). In the current medical literature, almonds and walnuts have been studied the most intensively. In contrast, less is known about other nuts, including pistachios. Pistachios are of particular interest because, compared to the other nuts, they have a unique nutrient and fatty acid profile. In particular, they are a good source of plant sterols, which have cholesterol lowering effects, and numerous antioxidants including vitamins E, beta-carotene and lutein, as well as selenium. They also are low in saturated fat and high in unsaturated fats. Because of this nutrient "package", it is likely pistachio consumption can significantly reduce multiple CVD risk factors. For example, dietary antioxidants are known to improve vascular reactivity, an important new marker of endothelial health (West 2001). Because of the increased level of plant sterols in pistachios, their cholesterol-lowering effect would be greater than predicted from the fatty acid profile alone. Taken together, the nutrients present in pistachios have previously been shown to have independent beneficial effects on lipid metabolism and vascular function. Our study would be the first to document that these effects occur with pistachios as a whole food source of phytosterols, antioxidants, and unsaturated fatty acids. This study is designed as a 3 period, randomized crossover with a run-in stabilizing diet period (2 weeks). Participants will be given all of their food for the diet periods and endpoints will be assessed at the end of each period (lipids, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, vascular health, genetic profile for genes dealing with obesity, heart disease, fat metabolism). Data will be compared for each diet period to the end-of run-in values as well as between groups at end of diet period.

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子弹和调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构适用于该中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。许多流行病学研究已经建立了树坚果和豆类花生的心脏保护作用。已经进行了许多临床研究，以评估螺母消耗对心血管疾病（CVD）多种危险因素的影响，我们的研究团队在研究螺母对心血管风险标志的影响方面具有丰富的经验（Kris-Etherton，Pearson，Pearson等，1999; 1999; Kris-Etherton，Yu-Poth etal。1999; West and and and and and and each and each and each exh。 审查）。在当前的医学文献中，杏仁和核桃得到了最深入的研究。相反，对包括开心果在内的其他坚果知之甚少。开心果特别感兴趣，因为与其他坚果相比，它们具有独特的营养和脂肪酸剖面。特别是，它们是植物性固醇的良好来源，它们具有降低胆固醇的作用，以及包括维生素E，β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素以及硒等众多抗氧化剂。它们的饱和脂肪也很低，不饱和脂肪的脂肪也很高。由于这种营养“包装”，开心果消耗可能会大大减少多种CVD危险因素。例如，已知饮食抗氧化剂可以改善血管反应性，这是内皮健康的重要新标志（West 2001）。由于开心果中植物固醇水平的升高，其降低胆固醇的作用将大于仅脂肪酸剖面所预测的。综上所述，开心果中存在的养分对脂质代谢和血管功能具有独立的有益作用。我们的研究将是第一个记录这些作用的方法，即开心果作为植物固醇，抗氧化剂和不饱和脂肪酸的全食物来源。 这项研究被设计为3个时期的随机交叉，并稳定饮食期（2周）。将在每个时期结束时评估参与者的所有食物，终点将进行评估（脂质，炎症和氧化应激的标记，血管健康，用于肥胖，心脏病，脂肪代谢的基因的遗传特征）。在饮食期结束时，每个饮食期的数据将在每个饮食期的末期和两组之间进行比较。