Project 3: Consequences of As & Mn Exposure on Childhood Intelligence

项目 3：As 的后果

• 批准号: 7089755
• 负责人: Joseph H Graziano
• 金额: $ 37.21万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7089755
• 关键词: India; United States; arsenic; clinical research; environmental contamination; environmental exposure; environmental therapy; environmental toxicology; epidemiology; field study; hazardous substances; human subject; intelligence; intelligence tests; longitudinal human study; manganese; middle childhood (6-11); outcomes research; vitamins; water pollution; water sampling /testing; water supply

During the past grant cycle, working in Araihazar, Bangladesh, where there is a wide range of both arsenic (As) and manganese (Mn) in drinking water, we have demonstrated that both elements have adverse effects on child intelligence. The current proposal seeks to further test and elaborate on the hypotheses that exposure to As and Mn are associated with deficits in intellectual function in two distinct population samples. The first draws on a U.S. population, for whom we are able to apply standardized scores to estimate the magnitude of the association with IQ. The second draws on a Bangladesh population to examine whether or not the effects of As on intellectual function are reversible; it takes advantage of a Columbia Earth Institute initiative to provide As-free deep tube-well water to an exposed population in Araihazar, Bangladesh. In New Hampshire (NH), we will conduct a cross-sectional study of 500 fourth-grade children to examine the relations between water As, water Mn and IQ. We selected schools to yield a sample in which roughly 70% will consume water from wells with < 10 ug As/L, 30% from wells with >10 ug/L, based on USGS data. The distribution of Mn in wells is less well characterized, but limited USGS data indicates that roughly 10% of wells in this region will have Mn concentrations above the EPA Health Advisory Level of 300 ug/L. In Bangladesh, we will test the hypothesis that provision of low As/low Mn tube wells is associated with improved intellectual function. We propose a two-year prospective study of 300 children (baseline ages 7-9) in Araihazar, Bangladesh. For each of the following 4 groups, 75 children will be recruited: a) low As, low Mn; b) low As, high Mn; c) high As, low Mn; d) high As, high Mn. Based on EPA guidelines, the definition of "low As" will be < 10ug/L, and "low Mn" will be < 300 ug/L After their initial intellectual assessment, children with high As wells will be provided access to low As/low Mn community wells and education to promote their use. Children will be assessed before remediation and at 12- and 24-months post-remediation. Given that in the U.S., approximately 1.3 million people are exposed to > 10 ug/L As in drinking water, and household Mn, though less well characterized, is known to be elevated in several states (e.g. PA, NH), identification of adverse effects on childhood intelligence may have significant impact both on public health and on establishment of policies to reduce exposure.

在过去的赠款周期中，在孟加拉国的阿莱哈扎（Araihazar）工作 砷（AS）和锰（MN）在饮用水中，我们已经证明了这两个元素都有不利的 对儿童智力的影响。当前的提议旨在进一步检验并详细说明 在两个不同种群样本中，接触AS和MN与智力功能的缺陷有关。 第一个借鉴了美国人口，我们能够为其应用标准化分数来估算 与智商的关联大小。第二个利用孟加拉国人口来检查是否或 不是AS对智力功能的影响是可逆的。它利用哥伦比亚地球研究所 倡议为孟加拉国阿莱哈扎（Araihazar）的裸露人口提供无效的深层管道水。 在新罕布什尔州（NH），我们将对500名四年级儿童进行横断面研究 水AS，水急物和智商之间的关系。我们选择了学校来产生一个大致的样本 基于USGS数据，70％的人将消耗<10 ug as/l的井中的水，> 10 ug/l的井中30％。 井中MN的分布较不太特征，但USGS数据有限表明大约有10％ 该地区的井将具有高于EPA健康咨询水平300 ug/L的MN浓度。 在孟加拉国，我们将检验以下假设：低a a a的提供与低Mn管井有关 改善智力功能。我们建议对300名儿童进行两年的前瞻性研究（基线年龄7-9） 在孟加拉国的Araihazar。对于以下四个组中的每一个，将招募75名儿童：a）低，低，低 MN; b）低Mn； c）高为低Mn； d）高为高的Mn。根据EPA指南，定义 “低”将<10ug/l，“低Mn”在初次智力评估后<300 ug/l，儿童 将提供高井和高水平的井和低Mn社区井和教育的途径，以促进他们的 使用。修复后的修复和24个月，将对儿童进行评估。 鉴于在美国，大约有130万人与饮用水一样暴露于10 ug/l， 众所周知，在多个州（例如PA，NH），众所周知，家用MN的特征较低，但已升高 识别对儿童智能的不利影响可能对公共卫生产生重大影响 并制定减少暴露的政策。