NearIR Photon-counting Camera for Diffuse Optical Tomography

用于漫反射光学断层扫描的近红外光子计数相机

• 批准号: 7290357
• 负责人: JAMES F CHRISTIAN
• 金额: $ 42.33万
• 依托单位: RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7290357
• 关键词: Architecture; Area; Bite; Blood flow; Brain imaging; Breast; Caliber; Cancerous; Charge; Clinical; Computers; Count; Data; Data Analyses; Detection; Development; Devices; Diagnosis; Diffuse; Digital Signal Processing; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Electronics; Elements; Environment; Evaluation; Exposure to; Facility Construction Funding Category; Fiber; Foundations; Frequencies; Funding; Goals; Government; Growth; Housing; Image; Imaging Phantoms; Imaging technology; Individual; Injury; Invasive; Laboratories; Lesion; Life; Light; Malignant Neoplasms; Mammary Gland Parenchyma; Mammary Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Medical Imaging; Memory; Methods; Noise; Numbers; Optics; Pennsylvania; Performance; Persons; Phase; Photons; Purpose; Radiation; Radiation Monitoring; Range; Reaction Time; Research; Resolution; Scanning; Screening for cancer; Screening procedure; Semiconductors; Signal Transduction; Spectrum Analysis; Speed; Sports; Structure; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Tissues; Tube; Universities; Work; angiogenesis; blood perfusion; cancer diagnosis; computerized data processing; concept; design; detector; diffuse optical tomography; digital; digital imaging; electric field; follow-up; improved; instrument; irradiation; metal oxide; monitoring device; optical fiber; photomultiplier; programs; prototype; scale up; sensor; theories; tissue oxygenation; tomography; tumor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Early detection and routine clinical screening represent the first line of defense for managing cancer, a disease that claimed over 570,280 lives in the U.S. during the year 2005. Significant advances have been made in the medical imaging of tumors; however, many of these techniques are too expensive to be implemented for routine screening. Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) and diffuse correlation tomography (DCT), which images blood flow, promises to provide a method for routine, non-invasive cancer screening that increases the frequency of screening procedures by reducing, or eliminating, the exposure to radiation. Unfortunately, the need for many single photon-counting detector elements, which are expensive and bulky, constrains the development of DCT instruments. The Phase I funding for this project supported the successful development of a new imaging technology that surmounts the limitations of conventional CMOS (complementary-symmetry metal-oxide-semiconductor) APS (Active Pixel Sensor) and CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) imaging technologies and provides the necessary foundation for DCT imaging. In Phase I, we designed, fabricated and tested CMOS avalanche photodiode pixel capable of single optical photon sensitivity, in the near infrared region of the spectrum, with a timing jitter of less than 350 ps. These CMOS Geiger photodiode (GPD) pixels digitize the incident photo-signal, which solves many of the noise issues that have limited the use of CMOS APS camera pixels for high-speed, high- sensitivity, and high spatial-resolution applications, such as DCT. The Phase II goal is to develop a fully integrated, nearIR digital camera chip for DCT imaging of blood flow. This all-digital, CMOS imaging technology fulfills the demanding requirements for providing high signal-to-noise DCT images through the use of many detector elements. In the Phase II effort, we propose to implement the successful pixel designs, identified in Phase I, to construct a prototype chip that will be incorporated into a patch. We will perform DCT imaging of phantoms in the laboratory of our collaborator, Dr. A. Yodh at the University of Pennsylvania. The diagnosis and imaging of breast tissue, as well as sport related injuries, represents the clinical target of the proposed DCT instrument. This effort improves early cancer diagnosis by non-invasively imaging the increased blood flow in breast tumors using red light.

描述（由申请人提供）：早期发现和常规临床筛查代表了管理癌症的第一道防线，这种疾病在2005年在美国夺走了570,280多人生命。在肿瘤的医学成像中已取得了重大进展；但是，许多这些技术太昂贵了，无法实施常规筛选。图像血流的弥漫性光学断层扫描（DOT）和扩散相关断层扫描（DCT）有望为常规的，非侵入性癌症筛查提供一种方法，从而通过减少或消除辐射的暴露来增加筛查程序的频率。不幸的是，昂贵且笨重的许多单个光子计数探测器元素的需求限制了DCT仪器的开发。该项目的第一阶段资金支持了新的成像技术的成功开发，该技术可以超越常规CMO（互补对称性金属氧化物 - 氧化物 - 氧化型）APS（活动像素传感器）和CCD（电荷耦合耦合设备）和成像技术的局限性为DCT成像提供了必要的基础。在第一阶段，我们设计，制造和测试了CMOS雪崩光电二极管像素，能够在光谱的近红外区域中具有单个光学光子灵敏度，并且定时抖动小于350 ps。这些CMOS Geiger Photodiode（GPD）像素将事件数字化数字化，它解决了许多噪声问题，这些问题限制了用于高速，高灵敏度和高空间分辨率应用的CMOS APS摄像头像素的使用，例如DCT。 II期目标是开发一个完全集成的近IRIR数码相机芯片，以进行血流的DCT成像。这种全数字的CMOS成像技术满足了通过使用许多探测器元素提供高信噪比DCT图像的苛刻要求。在II阶段的工作中，我们建议实施在I期中确定的成功的像素设计，以构建将掺入贴片中的原型芯片。我们将在宾夕法尼亚大学的合作者A. Yodh博士的实验室中对幻影进行DCT成像。乳腺组织的诊断和成像以及与运动相关的损伤代表了拟议的DCT仪器的临床目标。这种努力通过使用红光侵入的乳腺肿瘤中增加的血液流量来改善早期癌症的诊断。