Evaluating Utility Measures: Biases and Alternatives

评估效用措施：偏见和替代方案

• 批准号: 7162118
• 负责人: Eve Wittenberg
• 金额: $ 3.59万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7162118
• 关键词: Evaluating; Utility; Measures; Biases; Alternatives

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis (CEA/CUA) is increasingly used for clinical and policy decision making in health and medicine. Utilities are critical inputs to economic analyses, providing the weighting factor for the common outcome measure "quality adjusted life years." The accuracy and validity of measurement and application of utility measures are essential to producing meaningful and informative results from such analyses. The proposed research will provide insight to understanding the appropriate use and application of existing utility measurement methods, and to guide the development of improvements and alternatives. It will focus on cancer, a disease for which quality of life effects are of particular importance in clinical decision making and policy. The research proposes a series of studies to investigate the measurement of utilities, to explore the application of utilities, and to develop guidelines for improvements in utility assessment methodology. The first study will employ survey research and process tracing methods to identify cognitive factors that create biases in utility assessment methods, and develop and test modifications to avoid such biases. The second study will determine whether utilities vary systematically by individuals' age, race and gender using meta analytic techniques. The research will culminate in recommendations for the use of existing utility measurement methods and values, and the construction of a framework for the development of new methods to value health. A useful by-product of the research will be estimates of utility values for cancer health states for use by CEA/CUA and other applied researchers. The candidate has studied preference and utility assessment methods and their application in her dissertation, post-doctoral research, and current position as Instructor at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School. She is beginning a career as a quality of life methodologist, focusing on cancer interventions. This career development award would contribute to the initiation of her independent research agenda. She will be guided in her career development by the Director of her department, the MGH Institute for Technology Assessment, as well as senior researchers in this field who have established working relationships with the candidate (including her dissertation and post-doctoral advisors). She has strong institutional support and faculty mentorship to guarantee her success in the proposed research.

描述（由申请人提供）：成本效益和成本效用分析（CEA/CUA）越来越多地用于健康和医学的临床和政策决策。公用事业是经济分析的关键输入，为“质量调整后的终身年份”提供了共同结果度量的加权因素。测量和实用性措施的应用的准确性和有效性对于从这些分析中产生有意义且内容丰富的结果至关重要。拟议的研究将为理解现有公用事业测量方法的适当使用和应用提供洞察力，并指导改进和替代方案的发展。它将集中在癌症上，这种疾病在临床决策和政策中对生活质量的影响特别重要。该研究提出了一系列研究，以调查公用事业的测量，探索公用事业的应用，并制定改进公用事业评估方法的准则。第一项研究将采用调查研究和过程追踪方法来识别在实用性评估方法中产生偏见的认知因素，并开发和测试修改以避免这种偏见。第二项研究将确定使用元分析技术的个人年龄，种族和性别是否系统地变化。这项研究将最终提出使用现有公用事业测量方法和价值的建议，以及建立一个框架以开发新方法以重视健康。该研究的一个有用的副产品将是估计CEA/CUA和其他应用研究人员使用的癌症健康状态的效用值。 候选人研究了偏好和公用事业评估方法及其在她的论文，博士后研究以及当前担任马萨诸塞州综合医院和哈佛医学院讲师的职位。她开始从事生活质量方法学家的职业，专注于癌症干预措施。该职业发展奖将有助于她的独立研究议程的启动。她的部门主任MGH技术评估研究所以及该领域的高级研究人员将受到与候选人（包括她的论文和博士后顾问）建立工作关系的高级研究人员的指导。她拥有强大的机构支持和教师指导，以确保她在拟议的研究中取得成功。