Skin Cancer Prevention in a Pediatric Population

儿童皮肤癌的预防

• 批准号: 6897487
• 负责人: LORI A. CRANE
• 金额: $ 58.98万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-15 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6897487
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; cancer prevention; clinical research; education evaluation /planning; health behavior; health education; human subject; information dissemination; light adverse effect; longitudinal human study; melanoma; middle childhood (6-11); nevus; parent offspring interaction; photoprotection; photoprotective agent; preschool child (1-5); solar radiation; spectrometry

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): About 1 in 90 American children born in the late 1990's will develop malignant melanoma in their lifetimes. Sun exposure in childhood appears to be the most important preventable risk factor for this disease. This study will continue to follow a previously enrolled cohort (n=728) that participated in a randomized trial of a provider-delivered sun protection intervention while children were between the ages of 0 and 3 years. The study will also enroll an additional 900 children who are part of the same birth cohort from 1998. Subjects in both the original cohort and new cohort will be randomly assigned to intervention and control groups; the intervention group will receive a series of tailored newsletters aimed at increasing sun protection over a 3-year intervention period. This tailored intervention is based on the Precaution Adoption Process Model, which focuses on increasing personal perceptions of risk. The effectiveness of the intervention in increasing sun protection of children will be evaluated through telephone surveys of parents at four time-points (upon enrollment and 1, 2, and 3 years later), and through skin exams of all children at the same time-points. Skin exams will provide objective measures of sun exposure using spectrophotometry, assessment of freckling, and enumeration of moles (nevi). This evaluation will assess the long-term effectiveness of the previous provider delivered intervention, the effectiveness of the tailored intervention as a "booster" to the provider intervention, and the effectiveness of the tailored intervention alone. The study also includes a longitudinal study of mole development, which will assess the relationships between sun exposure, "host traits" (such as skin, hair, and eye color, tendency to burn vs. tan, tendency to freckle), and development of nevi, the strongest predictor for malignant melanoma. The study also includes a cost analysis, which will focus on the costs associated with intervention delivery, behavior change, and mole avoidance. If this intervention proves to be effective in increasing sun protection of children, cost and efficiency will be key factors in dissemination and adoption of the intervention.

描述（由申请人提供）：大约有90名在1990年代后期出生的美国儿童将在其一生中发展出恶性黑色素瘤。儿童时期的阳光似乎是该疾病最重要的可预防风险因素。这项研究将继续遵循以前入学的队列（n = 728），该队列参加了一项为提供者提供的日晒干预措施的随机试验，而儿童年龄在0至3岁之间。这项研究还将招募从1998年开始的同一出生队列的900名儿童。原始队列和新队列的受试者将随机分配给干预和对照组；干预小组将获得一系列量身定制的新闻通讯，旨在在三年的干预期内增加防晒霜。这种量身定制的干预措施基于预防措施的采用过程模型，该模型的重点是增加个人对风险的看法。干预措施对增加儿童防晒保护的有效性将通过四个时间点（入学率和1、2和3年后）的父母进行电话调查，并通过同一时间点的所有儿童进行皮肤检查。皮肤检查将使用分光光度法，雀斑评估和摩尔数（NEVI）进行客观测量。该评估将评估先前提供者提供干预措施的长期有效性，量身定制的干预措施作为提供者干预的“助推器”的有效性以及仅量身定制干预的有效性。该研究还包括对摩尔发育的纵向研究，该研究将评估日晒暴露之间的关系，“宿主性状”（例如皮肤，头发和眼睛的颜色，燃烧tan趋势，雀斑的趋势）以及Nevi的发展，Nevi的发展，Nevi是恶性黑色素瘤的最强预测因子。该研究还包括一项成本分析，该研究将重点放在与干预，行为改变和避免摩尔相关的成本上。如果事实证明这种干预措施有效地增加了对儿童的防晒保护，则成本和效率将是传播和采用干预措施的关键因素。